Table 3. Characteristics of children who died by 28 days.
| Total (n=50*) | <1 month (n=32) | 1–11 months (n=7) | 1–4 years (n=9) | 5–14 years (n=2) | |
| Female sex, N (%) | 19 (38) | 11 (34) | 3 (43) | 5 (56) | 0 (0) |
| GBD diagnosis category, N (%) | |||||
| Communicable diseases | 8 (16) | 1 (3) | 1 (14) | 4 (44) | 2 (100) |
| Neonatal disorders | 25 (50) | 25 (78) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Non-communicable diseases | 3 (6) | 1 (3) | 1 (14.3) | 1 (11) | 0 (0) |
| Nutritional disorders | 3 (6) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 2 (22) | 0 (0) |
| Ill-defined | 10 (20) | 3 (9) | 5 (71.4) | 222 | 0 (0) |
| Missing | 1 (2) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Diagnosis, N (%) | |||||
| Anaemia | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (11) | 0 (0) |
| Congenital birth defects | 1 (2) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Haemolytic disease and other neonatal jaundice | 1 (2) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Hypothermia | 1 (2) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Low birth weight | 2 (4) | 2 (6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Lower respiratory tract infection | 6 (12) | 0 (0) | 1 (14) | 3 (33) | 2 (100) |
| Meningitis | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (11) | 0 (0) |
| Neonatal encephalopathy due to birth asphyxia and trauma | 7 (14) | 7 (22) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Neonatal preterm birth | 2 (4) | 2 (6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Neonatal sepsis and other neonatal infections | 13 (26) | 13 (41) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Sepsis | 5 (10) | 0 (0) | 4 (57) | 1 (11) | 0 (0) |
| Severe acute malnutrition | 3 (6) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 2 (22) | 0 (0) |
| Thalassaemia | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | 1 (14) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Upper respiratory tract infections | 1 (2) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Ill-defined† | 4 (8) | 2 (6) | 1 (14) | 1 (11) | 0 (0) |
| Missing | 1 (2) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Hospital length of stay, median (IQR) | 0 (0-1) | 0 (0-1) | 0 (0-1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Hospital disposition, N (%) | |||||
| Died | 47 (94) | 31 (97) | 6 (86) | 9 (100) | 1 (100) |
| Home | 2 (4) | 1 (3) | 1 (14) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Referred | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (100) |
| Cause of death by verbal autopsy, N (%) | n=19 | n=12 | n=3 | n=4 | n=0 |
| Acute respiratory infection | 3 (6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (33) | 0 (0) |
| Meningitis | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (11) | 0 (0) |
| Neonatal diarrhoea | 1 (2) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Neonatal pneumonia | 1 (2) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Neonatal sepsis/meningitis | 5 (26) | 5 (16) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Not possible to determine | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | 1 (14) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Perinatal asphyxia | 3 (6) | 3 (9) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Preterm birth complications | 2 (4) | 2 (6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Sepsis | 2 (4) | 0 (0) | 2 (29) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Missing | 31 (62) | 20 (62.5) | 4 (57) | 5 (56) | 2 (100) |
| Sources of delay by VASA, N (%)‡ | n=19 | n=12 | n=3 | n=4 | n=0 |
| Delay in care-seeking | 15 (30) | 9 (28) | 3 (43) | 3 (33) | 0 (0) |
| Delay in reaching the health facility | 2 (4) | 2 (6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Delay in appropriate treatment | 12 (24) | 7 (22) | 2 (29) | 3 (33) | 0 (0) |
| Missing | 31 (62) | 20 (63) | 4 (57) | 5 (56) | 2 (100) |
*
50 enrolled patients died: 47 in-hospital (43 IPD, 4 OPD) and 3 at 28-day follow-up.
†
Ill-defined diagnoses: hypovolaemic shock, cardiogenic, normal baby.
‡
Multiple sources of delay possible for a given patient (Ccolumn totals do not sum to 100%).
GBDGlobal Burden of DiseaseVASAverbal and social autopsy