Table 4.
Test characteristics of point-of-care severity scores for predicting prognosis in patients admitted through the emergency department (ED) with COVID-19, stratified by availability of vital signs and DNR status
| In-hospital Mortality | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24-hour Score AUROC (95% CI) n=90,376 | 12-hour Score AUROC (95% CI) n=85,531 | 6-hour Score AUROC (95% CI) n=68,818 | 24-hr Score excluding DNR POA AUROC (95% CI) n=81,651 | 24-hr Score excluding those without GCS AUROC (95% CI) n=22,052 | |
| qSOFA ≥ 2 | 0.53 (0.53–0.53) | 0.53 (0.53–0.53) | 0.52 (0.52–0.53) | 0.53 (0.53–0.53) | 0.58 (0.57–0.59) |
| Shock Index > 0.7 | 0.52 (0.51–0.52) | 0.51 (0.51–0.52 | 0.51 (0.51–0.52) | 0.52 (0.51–0.52) | 0.52 (0.51–0.52) |
| NEWS2 ≥ 5 | 0.59 (0.59–0.60) | 0.59 (0.59–0.59) | 0.59 (0.58–0.59) | 0.59 (0.59–0.60) | 0.61 (0.60–0.62) |
| qCSI ≥ 4 | 0.56 (0.56–0.57) | 0.56 (0.56–0.57) | 0.57 (0.56–0.57) | 0.57 (0.56–0.57) | 0.56 (0.55–0.57) |
| Intensive Care Unit Admission | |||||
| qSOFA ≥ 2 | 0.52 (0.52–0.53) | 0.52 (0.52–0.52) | 0.52 (0.52–0.52) | 0.52 (0.52–0.53) | 0.57 (0.56–0.57) |
| Shock Index > 0.7 | 0.54 (0.54–0.54) | 0.54 (0.53–0.54) | 0.53 (0.53–0.54) | 0.54 (0.53–0.54) | 0.54 (0.54–0.55) |
| NEWS2 ≥ 5 | 0.60 (0.60–0.61) | 0.60 (0.60–0.61) | 0.60 (0.59–0.60) | 0.60 (0.60–0.61) | 0.61 (0.60–0.62) |
| qCSI ≥ 4 | 0.56 (0.56–0.57) | 0.57 (0.56–0.57) | 0.57 (0.57–0.58) | 0.56 (0.56–0.57) | 0.56 (0.55–0.57) |
| Need for Mechanical Ventilation | |||||
| qSOFA ≥ 2 | 0.53 (0.527–0.532) | 0.53 (0.53–0.53) | 0.52 (0.52–0.52) | 0.53 (0.53–0.54) | 0.58 (0.57–0.59) |
| Shock Index > 0.7 | 0.55 (0.54–0.55) | 0.53 (0.53–0.54) | 0.53 (0.53–0.54) | 0.55 (0.54–0.55) | 0.54 (0.53–0.55) |
| NEWS2 ≥ 5 | 0.61 (0.61–0.62) | 0.61 (0.61–0.62) | 0.61 (0.60–0.61) | 0.62 (0.62–0.62) | 0.61 (0.61–0.62) |
| qCSI ≥ 4 | 0.57 (0.56–0.57) | 0.57 (0.57–0.58) | 0.58 (0.58–0.59) | 0.57 (0.57–0.58) | 0.57 (0.56–0.58) |
| Need for Vasopressors | |||||
| qSOFA ≥ 2 | 0.54 (0.53–0.54) | 0.52 (0.53–0.54) | 0.53 (0.53–0.53) | 0.54 (0.54–0.54) | 0.58 (0.58–0.59) |
| Shock Index > 0.7 | 0.54 (0.54–0.55) | 0.55 (0.54–0.56) | 0.55 (0.54–0.55) | 0.54 (0.53–0.55) | 0.55 (0.54–0.56) |
| NEWS2 ≥ 5 | 0.60 (0.60–0.60) | 0.60 (0.60–0.61) | 0.60 (0.60–0.61) | 0.60 (0.57–0.61) | 0.62 (0.61–0.63) |
| qCSI ≥ 4 | 0.57 (0.56–0.57) | 0.57 (0.57–0.58) | 0.58 (0.58–0.59) | 0.57 (0.56–0.57) | 0.57 (0.56–0.58) |
AUROC: Area under the receiver operator characterics curve; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval; DNR POA: Do not resuscitate present on admission; GCS: Glasgow Coma Score; highest values in each column appear in bold