Figure.
Price and demand analysis
(A) Quantities of the three different amphotericin B formulations purchased between 2017 and 2021 in HICs and LMICs. Our analysis is based on IQVIA MIDAS data of monthly volume sales for January, 2017, to December, 2021, reflecting estimates of real-world activity.55 (B) Price of liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome) in selected high-income (red) and middle-income (blue) countries. The price of AmBisome was obtained from the Pharmaceutical Services Programme of the Ministry of Health (Malaysia), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (Japan), ViDAL.fr (France), HCI Compendium (Switzerland), Drugs.com (USA), British National Formulary (UK), Medicine Price Registry (South Africa), Ministry of Health (Brazil), and RxMediaPharma (Türkiye). Prices are shown in US$, converted from the local currency at exchange rates of November, 2023. Liposomal amphotericin B is not registered in Malaysia; the price stated relates to an import with special approval from the Malaysian Ministry of Health. HICs=high-income countries. LMICs=low-income and middle-income countries.