Table 1.
Characteristics of subjects with or without stroke
| Characteristics | Total, n = 6735 | Non-stroke, n = 6124 | Stroke, n = 611 | P value |
| Age in years | 59.5 ± 13.6 | 58.8 ± 13.6 | 67.4 ± 10.7 | < 0.001 |
| Sex | 0.156 | |||
| Male | 51.5 | 51.8 | 48.7 | |
| Female | 48.5 | 48.2 | 51.3 | |
| Race | < 0.001 | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 60.7 | 60.3 | 65.0 | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 15.4 | 15.2 | 17.2 | |
| Mexican American | 9.8 | 10.1 | 6.4 | |
| Other Hispanic | 5.7 | 6.0 | 2.5 | |
| Other race | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.8 | |
| Education | < 0.001 | |||
| Lower than high school | 10.6 | 10.4 | 13.2 | |
| High school | 39.4 | 38.6 | 48.1 | |
| Higher than high school | 50.0 | 51.0 | 38.6 | |
| Marital status | 0.053 | |||
| Married/living with partner | 62.5 | 63.3 | 54.7 | |
| Widowed/divorced/separated | 27.9 | 26.8 | 40.1 | |
| Never married | 9.6 | 10.0 | 5.2 | |
| Poverty income ratio | < 0.001 | |||
| ≤ 1.30 | 26.2 | 25.5 | 33.1 | |
| 1.3 to ≤ 3.5 | 39.7 | 39.1 | 47.3 | |
| > 3.5 | 34.1 | 35.4 | 19.6 | |
| Smoking status | 0.007 | |||
| Nonsmoker | 48.6 | 49.2 | 42.7 | |
| Former smoker | 34.7 | 34.4 | 37.1 | |
| Current smoker | 16.7 | 16.4 | 20.2 | |
| Alcohol use | 0.002 | |||
| No | 33.3 | 32.7 | 40.1 | |
| Yes | 66.7 | 67.3 | 59.9 | |
| Energy intake, kcal | 1940.82 ± 900.52 | 1967.09 ± 909.80 | 1655.64 ± 734.62 | < 0.001 |
| BMI in kg/m2 | 0.429 | |||
| < 25.0 | 11.77 | 11.77 | 11.86 | |
| 25 to < 30 | 25.68 | 25.88 | 23.36 | |
| ≥ 30 | 62.55 | 62.35 | 64.78 | |
| Hypertension | < 0.001 | |||
| No | 34.3 | 36.0 | 16.4 | |
| Yes | 65.7 | 64.1 | 83.6 | |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 0.002 | |||
| No | 38.6 | 39.1 | 32.5 | |
| Yes | 61.4 | 60.9 | 67.5 | |
| CDAI | 0.28 ± 3.97 | 0.38 ± 4.01 | -0.77 ± 3.29 | < 0.001 |
Data are presented as mean (SD) or n (%). BMI: Body mass index; CDAI: Composite dietary antioxidant index.