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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Infant Child Dev. 2023 Dec 22;33(4):e2484. doi: 10.1002/icd.2484

Table 3.

Pooled Means and Raw Standard Deviation, Minimum and Maximum Values for 79 participants who completed the mental rotation task

Variable Mean SD Minimum Maximum
Dimensional adjectives (English) 4.13 2.41 0 8
Dimensional adjectives (Spanish) 3.53 2.81 0 10
Dimensional adjectives (Total) 4.69 2.01 0 8
Mental Transformation (CMTT) 12.37 7.03 0 34
Receptive Vocabulary (English) 95.06 16.43 43 139
Receptive Vocabulary (Spanish) 83.09 20.02 55 122
Age 60.48 5.89 47.97 71.87

Note: This sample consisted of 79 children aged 48- to 72-months (40 male; M = 60.5 months, SD = 5.89). We excluded children under 48-months at testing from these analyses.