Table 4. Epidemiologic risk factors for PCR-confirmed mpox among children (<18 y) during mpox outbreak, Nigeria 2022*.
| Variables |
|
No. (%) |
Univariate analysis |
Multivariate analysis |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Mpox-pos | Mpox-neg | cOR (95% CI) | p value† | aOR (95% CI) | p value† | |||
| Sex at birth | |||||||||
| F | 30 (41.1) | 9 (34.6) | 21 (44.7) | Referent | Referent | ||||
| M |
43 (58.9) |
17 (65.4) |
26 (55.3) |
|
1.53 (0.57, 4.11) |
0.403 |
|
1.56 (0.46, 5.27) |
0.477 |
| Age group | |||||||||
| 0–9 y | 42 (57.5) | 15 (57.7) | 27 (57.4) | 1.01 (0.38, 2.66) | 0.984 | 2.03 (0.59, 7.05) | 0.264 | ||
| 10–1 y |
31 (42.5) |
11 (42.3) |
20 (42.6) |
|
Referent |
|
|
Referent |
|
| Close contact confirmed | |||||||||
| Yes | 13 (17.8) | 7 (26.9) | 6 (12.8) | 2.52 (0.74, 8.51) | 0.13‡ | 4.76 (1.14, 19.87) | 0.032 | ||
| No |
60 (82.2) |
19 (73.1) |
41 (87.2) |
|
Referent |
|
|
Referent |
|
| Animal exposure§ | |||||||||
| Yes | 7 (9.6) | 5 (19.2) | 2 (4.3) | 5.36 (0.96, 29.91) | 0.05‡ | 9.97 (1.27, 78.34) | 0.029 | ||
| No |
66 (90.4) |
21 (80.8) |
45 (95.7) |
|
Referent |
|
|
Referent |
|
| Place residence | 0.632 | ||||||||
| Rural | 12 (16.4) | 5 (19.2) | 7 (14.9) | 1.36 (0.35, 4.81) | |||||
| Urban/semi-urban |
61 (83.6) |
21 (80.8) |
40 (85.1) |
|
Referent |
|
|
|
|
| VZV status¶ | 0.001 | ||||||||
| Positive | 24 (37.5) | 15 (62.5) | 9 (22.5) | 5.74 (1.89, 17.43) | |||||
| Negative | 40 (62.5) | 9 (37.5) | 31 (77.5) | Referent | |||||
*Boldface indicates statistical significance. aOR, adjusted odds ratio; cOR, crude odds ratio; VZV, varicella zoster virus. †p values determined by χ2 tests except as indicated. ‡Fisher exact test. §The 5 mpox-pos children with animal exposures did not report associated contact with a human with suspected mpox. ¶Some VZV status data were missing.