Table 1.
A. Participants’ characteristics and HRQoL | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) otherwise specified | Non-Hispanics | Hispanics | F, p-valuea,b | |||
White n = 2,045 (82.1%) | Black n = 176 (7.1%) | Other Races n = 167 (6.7%) | n = 104 (4.2%) | |||
Baseline characteristics | ||||||
mean Age | 58.2 | 56.8 | 56.4 | 54.9 | 4.576, .051 | |
median (IQR) | 59.4 [45, 98] | 57.2 [44, 97] | 57.9 [42, 98] | 55.6 [38, 92] | ||
Age group | ||||||
18–64 | 562 (27.3) | 71 (40.3) | 70 (41.9) | 50 (48.1) | 46.3, < .001 | |
65 or older | 1468 (71.6) | 105 (59.7) | 97 (57.5) | 54 (50.0) | ||
Sex | ||||||
Male | 896 (43.7) | 77 (43.8) | 78 (46.7) | 53 (51.0) | 2.6, .457 | |
Female | 1154 (56.3) | 99 (56.3) | 89 (53.3) | 51 (49.0) | ||
General HRQoL | 15.1, .002 | |||||
Better | 1378 (67.2) | 93 (52.9) | 108 (64.8) | 57 (55.2) | ||
Worse | 672 (32.8) | 83 (47.1) | 59 (35.2) | 47 (44.8) |
B. Associations between Race/Ethnic Groups and HRQoL | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Better HRQoL (vs. Worse) | Unadjusted models | Adjusted modelsd | ||||
PR | 95% CI | p-valuec | Adjusted PR | 95% CI | p-valuec,d | |
Non-Hispanic Blacks | 0.78 | 0.68, 0.91 | < .001 | 0.61 | 0.07, 0.92 | .045 |
Non-Hispanic other races | 0.98 | 0.79, 1.55 | 0.533 | 0.95 | 0.71, 1.42 | .976 |
Hispanics | 0.28 | 0.12, 0.77 | 0.003 | 0.32 | 0.11, 0.83 | < .001 |
IQR Interquartile range
ap-values based on Chi-square or ANOVA test
bSignificant findings (p < .05) were highlighted in bold
c.p-values based on multivariate logistic regression analyses with reference group as non-Hispanic Whites. Significant findings (p < .05) were highlighted in bold. Survey years were adjusted for both univariate and multivariate analyses
dFor multivariate analyses, we controlled age group, pain, health risk behaviors, and comorbidities (see Supplementary Table) and survey years