TABLE 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Participants by Quintiles of Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI)
| Characteristics1 | Total (N = 1694) | AHEI quintiles |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 (n = 339) | Q2 (n = 339) | Q3 (n = 339) | Q4 (n = 339) | Q5 (n = 338) | ||
| Age (y) | 40.4 ± 13.9 | 35.2 ± 12.4 | 38.4 ± 13.7 | 41.8 ± 13.7 | 42.4 ± 13.1 | 44.4 ± 14.5 |
| Female | 1054 (62.2) | 188 (55.5) | 217 (64.0) | 216 (63.7) | 218 (64.3) | 215 (63.6) |
| Education (y) | 12.6 ± 2.1 | 12.1 ± 2.0 | 12.4 ± 2.1 | 12.7 ± 2.2 | 12.7 ± 2.1 | 13.0 ± 2.1 |
| BMI ± kg/m2) | 31.8 ± 7.4 | 31.1 ± 8.2 | 32.4 ± 6.8 | 32.1 ± 7.7 | 31.5 ± 7.1 | 32.0 ± 7.4 |
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Never | 630 (37.2) | 127 (37.5) | 121 (35.7) | 124 (36.6) | 128 (37.8) | 130 (38.5) |
| Former | 397 (23.4) | 63 (18.6) | 80 (23.6) | 85 (25.1) | 71 (20.9) | 98 (29.0) |
| Current | 667 (39.4) | 149 (44.0) | 138 (40.7) | 130 (38.3) | 140 (41.3) | 110 (32.5) |
| Drinking status | ||||||
| Never | 135 (8.0) | 19 (5.6) | 28 (8.3) | 38 (11.2) | 19 (5.6) | 31 (9.2) |
| Former | 503 (29.7) | 91 (26.8) | 121 (35.7) | 98 (28.9) | 93 (27.4) | 100 (29.6) |
| Current | 1056 (62.3) | 229 (67.6) | 190 (56.0) | 203 (59.9) | 227 (67.0) | 207 (61.2) |
| Physical activity (steps/d) | 5772.5 ± 3784.9 | 6082.2 ± 3722.8 | 5710.1 ± 3748.1 | 5538.7 ± 3554.7 | 5562.8 ± 3208.6 | 5969.2 ± 4554.2 |
| Total energy intake (kcal/d) | 2445.3 ± 1308.4 | 2495.5 ± 1060.9 | 2309.0 ± 1123.1 | 2289.6 ± 1251.1 | 2417.3 ± 1372.5 | 2716.1 ± 1620.7 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 122.6 ± 15.4 | 119.8 ± 13.7 | 122.7 ± 15.9 | 123.1 ± 15.5 | 123.5 ± 15.9 | 124.0 ± 15.6 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 77.4 ± 10.6 | 77.0 ± 10.3 | 77.3 ± 10.5 | 77.5 ± 10.7 | 77.3 ± 11.0 | 77.9 ± 10.8 |
| Lipid-lowering medicine use | 61 (3.6) | 7 (2.1) | 14 (4.1) | 11 (3.2) | 10 (2.9) | 19 (5.6) |
| Diabetes | 311 (18.4) | 38 (11.2) | 62 (18.3) | 68 (20.1) | 74 (21.8) | 69 (20.4) |
| Hypertension | 506 (29.9) | 77 (22.7) | 90 (26.5) | 106 (31.3) | 114 (33.6) | 119 (35.2) |
| AHEI score | 44.5 ± 8.9 | 32.8 ± 3.4 | 39.2 ± 1.4 | 43.9 ± 1.3 | 49.0 ± 1.6 | 57.5 ± 5.1 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure.
1
Continuous variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and categorical variables as n (%).