Table 4.
Adjusted odds ratios for associations between cannabis use at Time 1 and positive health and social measures at Time 2 (Weighted for survey design) significant in hypothesis direction (values provided in bold) /counter to hypothesis direction (values provided in italic).
| Positive health and social measures (scales median split) at T2 | aModel 1 (Sociodemographic) | Model 2 (SD) drink and smoke | Model 3 (SD, drink, smoke) health & previous wave | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AOR Never (Ref) | AOR Occasional CI (Low-high) | AOR Frequent CI (Low-High) | AOR Never (Ref) | AOR Occasional CI (Low-High) | AOR Frequent CI (Low-High) | AOR Never (Ref) | AOR Occasional use CI (Low-High) | AOR Frequent CI (Low-High) | ||
| Positive health measures T2 | ||||||||||
| Physical activity meet the recommendation (Ref = did not meet the recommendation) | 1.00 | 0.71 (0.63–0.80) | 1.17*** (1.01–1.35) | 1.00 | 0.71 (0.63–0.81) | 1.19*** (1.01–1.39) | 1.00 | 0.78 (0.69–0.90) | 1.28*** (1.09–1.51) | |
| Fruits & vegetables intake (Ref = less fruits & vegetables) | 1.00 | 0.94 (0.85–1.04) | 0.81 (0.71–0.93) | 1.00 | 0.93 (0.83–1.04) | 0.80 (0.69–0.93) | 1.00 | 0.95 (0.85–1.07) | 0.82 (0.70–0.96) | |
| Optimism (Ref = less optimistic) | 1.00 | 1.04 (0.94–1.15) | 1.06 (0.93–1.22) | 1.00 | 0.96 (0.86–1.07) | 0.94 (0.81–1.09) | – | – | – | |
| Happiness (Ref = unhappy) | 1.00 | 0.68 (0.61–0.75) | 0.73 (0.63–0.84) | 1.00 | 0.70 (0.62–0.78) | 0.79 (0.68–0.91) | – | – | – | |
| self-perceived good health (Ref = fair, poor) | 1.00 | 1.41 (1.25–1.59) | 0.74*** (0.64–0.86) | 1.00 | 1.42 (1.26–1.61) | 0.75*** (0.64–0.88) | 1.00 | 1.49 (1.30–1.71) | 1.04*** (0.87–1.23) | |
| Positive social measures T2 | ||||||||||
| Family relationships (Ref = worse relationship) | 1.00 | 0.79 (0.71–0.88) | 0.93* (0.81–1.07) | 1.00 | 0.76 (0.68–0.85) | 0.88 (0.76–1.03( | 1.00 | 0.76 (0.67–0.86) | 1.15*** (0.98–1.36) | |
| Attending school | 1. Any school (Ref = not attending) | 1.00 | 0.99 (0.86–1.14) | 0.89 (0.75–1.05) | 1.00 | 1.09 (0.94–1.26) | 1.02 (0.85–1.22) | 1.00 | 0.98 (0.83–1.15) | 1.04 (0.85–1.28) |
| 2. College/Uni. (Ref = not attending) | 1.00 | 1.42 (1.25–1.61) | 0.63*** (0.53–0.74) | 1.00 | 1.58 (1.38–1.82) | 0.77*** (0.64–0.92) | 1.00 | 1.43 (1.18–1.73) | 0.57*** (0.44–0.75) | |
| Educational Aspirations Most schooling you think you’ll complete (Ref = lower) | 1.00 | 1.19 (1.07–1.33) | 0.75*** (0.65–0.86) | 1.00 | 1.29 (1.15–1.45) | 0.88*** (0.76–1.03) | 1.00 | 1.56 (1.35–1.80) | 0.99*** (0.82–1.20) | |
| High academic achievement (Ref = lower grades) | 1.00 | 0.96 (0.85–1.09) | 0.63*** (0.53–0.75) | 1.00 | 1.06 (0.93–1.21) | 0.68*** (0.56–0.82) | 1.00 | 1.16 (0.99–1.35) | 0.90* (0.72–1.13) | |
Model 1- Adjusted odd ratios- Controls for sociodemographic characteristics- (Gender, Ethnicity, FAS- Family Affluent Scale, Family-Structure).
Model 2- Adjusted odd ratios- Controls for (sociodemographic characteristics) drink and smoke.
Model 3- Adjusted odd ratios- Controls for (sociodemographic characteristics, drink, smoke) health and previous wave.
- Empty cells- no same measure in previous year.
p < 0.05,
p < 0.01,
p < 0.001- for indicate P values for differences between AOR of frequent group to occasional group.
Multinomial logistic regressions for each measure independently both for occasional vs. non-use, and frequent vs. non-use in the same model.