Table 5.

Results of the post hoc pairwise comparisons applied to the GLMMs relating the effects of COVID-19 confinement measures (alongside covariates) on NDSI, biophony (here, probability of bird calls) and anthropophony (here, probability of engine noise) levels at 08:00 am.

Response variable	Explanatory variable	Estimate	SE	t ratio	P value
NDSI	Confinement level 1 vs no measures	0.035	0.012	2.832	0.013*
	Confinement level 2 and 3 vs no measures	0.051	0.014	3.535	0.001**
	Confinement level 2 and 3 vs Confinement level 1	0.016	0.011	1.464	0.309
Birds	Confinement level 1 vs no measures	0.083	0.013	6.191	<0.001***
	Confinement level 2 and 3 vs no measures	0.207	0.015	14.074	<0.001***
	Confinement level 2 and 3 vs Confinement level 1	0.124	0.011	11.272	<0.001***
Engine noise	Confinement level 1 vs no measures	−0.327	0.011	−2.887	0.011*
	Confinement level 2 and 3 vs no measures	−0.216	0.014	−15.130	<0.001***
	Confinement level 2 and 3 vs Confinement level 1	−0.183	0.01	−16.999	<0.001***

SE: standard error of the estimate. ***P < 0.001, **P <0.010, *P < 0.050. Confinement level 1 calls for “recommended not to leave home” and Confinement level 2 and 3 calls for “not allowed to leave home”.