Fig. 3.

Prenatal vitamin D deficiency decreased the number of bone marrow cells and LSKs and concomitantly reduced lymphoid lineage cells at the adult stage. Prenatal vitamin D deficiency reduced the total number of bone marrow cells (n = 9 for VDD and n = 10 for VDS) (a) and the number of LSKs in bone marrow (n = 9 per group) (b). The differences in total HSC, long-term and short-term HSC, and three MPPs in the bone marrow (n = 9 for VDD and n = 10 for VDS) (c) and hematopoietic progenitor cells in the bone marrow (n = 9 per group) of VDD and VDS mice are displayed in the box plots (d). A significant decrease in MPP4, CLP, and Lin−/CD127+ cells was observed in VDD mice, indicating that prenatal vitamin D deficiency disproportionately affects the production of hematopoietic lineages. Each dot on the plot represents a sample. The box shows the range between the first and third quartiles. The upper and lower whiskers represent 1.5 times the interquartile range, while the black bars indicate the median. The values shown in the plot are p-values calculated using Student’s t-test.