. 2024 Aug 27;24:452. doi: 10.1186/s12872-024-04131-3

Table 1.

Baseline clinical characteristics of 65-year-old men with and without abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) at ultrasound screening

Variable	Total n = 421	Without AAA n = 279	With AAA n = 142	p-value
Baseline aortic diameter (mm), mean (SD)	25.7 (10.1)	19.3 (2.4)	38.2 (7.5)	< 0.001^A
Growth rate (mm/year), median (IQR) Missing, n (%)	1.7 (2.3)	-	1.7 (2.3) 30 (21.1)	-
Systolic BP (mmHg), mean (SD)	145.0 (17.7)	146.0 (18.1)	143.0 (16.8)	0.10^A
Diastolic BP (mmHg), mean (SD)	85.7 (9.6)	85.9 (9.8)	85.5 (9.3)	0.71^A
p-creatinine (µmol/L), mean (SD) Missing, n (%)	86.8 (18.1) 14 (3.3)	85.0 (13.5) 6 (2.2)	90.4 (24.6) 8 (5.6)	0.018^A
p-cholesterol (mmol/L), mean (SD) Missing, n (%)	5.1 (1.2) 14 (3.3)	5.3 (1.2) 6 (2.1)	4.7 (1.2) 8 (5.6)	< 0.001^A
p-triglycerides (mmol/L), median (IQR) Missing, n (%)	1.5 (1.0) 26 (6.2)	1.4 (1.0) 13 (4.7)	1.6 (1.0) 13 (9.1)	0.002^B
p-HDL (mmol/l), mean (SD) Missing, n (%)	1.3 (0.4) 14 (3.3)	1.4 (0.4) 6 (2.2)	1.2 (0.3) 8 (5.6)	< 0.001^A
p-LDL (mmol/l), mean (SD) Missing, n (%)	3.3 (1.1) 23 (5.5)	3.5 (1.0) 14 (5.0)	3.0 (1.1) 9 (6.3)	< 0.001^A
p-glucose (mmol/l), mean (SD) Missing, n (%)	6.3 (2.4) 18 (4.3)	6.2 (2.3) 9 (3.2)	6.6 (2.4) 9 (6.3)	0.16^A
p-IL-6 (pg/mL), median (IQR) Missing, n (%)	1.9 (2.3) 84 (20)	1.5 (1.6) 51 (18.3)	3.2 (4.3) 33 (23.2)	< 0.001^B
BMI (kg/m²), mean (SD) Missing, n (%)	27.5 (4) 55 (13.1)	27 (3.9) 28 (10)	28.4 (4.2) 27 (19)	0.003^A
Metformin, n (%) Missing, n (%)	28 (6.7) 64 (15.2)	13 (4.7) 41 (14.7)	15 (10.6) 23 (16.2)	0.018^C
Lipid-lowering drug use, n (%) Missing, n (%)	149 (35.4) 64 (15.2)	77 (27.6) 41 (14.7)	72 (50.7) 23 (16.2)	< 0.001^C
Anti-hypertensive drug use, n (%) Missing, n (%)	200 (47.5) 64 (15.2)	111 (39.8) 41 (14.7)	89 (62.7) 23 (16.2)	< 0.001^C
AAA family history, n (%) Missing, n (%)	27 (6.4) 154 (36.6)	13 (4.7) 145 (52.0)	14 (9.9) 9 (6.3)	0.82^C
CVD, n (%) Missing, n (%)	93 (22.1) 6 (1.4)	41 (14.7) 0 (0)	52 (36.6) 6 (4.2)	< 0.001^C
Type 2 diabetes, n (%) Missing, n (%)	32 (7.6) 6 (1.4)	15 (5.4) 0 (0)	17 (12.0) 6 (4.2)	0.011^C
Cancer, n (%) Missing, n (%)	52 (10.4) 6 (1.4)	29 (10.4) 0 (0)	23 (16.2) 6 (4.2)	0.060^C
Smoking ≥ 15 pack-years, n (%) Missing, n (%)	159 (37.8) 68 (16.2)	72 (25.8) 35 (12.6)	87 (61.3) 33 (23.2)	< 0.001^C

Variable

Total
n = 421

Without AAA
n = 279

With AAA
n = 142

p-value

Baseline aortic diameter (mm), mean (SD)

25.7 (10.1)

19.3 (2.4)

38.2 (7.5)

< 0.001^A

Growth rate (mm/year), median (IQR)

Missing, n (%)

1.7 (2.3)

30 (21.1)

Systolic BP (mmHg), mean (SD)

145.0 (17.7)

146.0 (18.1)

143.0 (16.8)

0.10^A

Diastolic BP (mmHg), mean (SD)

85.7 (9.6)

85.9 (9.8)

85.5 (9.3)

0.71^A

p-creatinine (µmol/L), mean (SD)

Missing, n (%)

86.8 (18.1)

14 (3.3)

85.0 (13.5)

6 (2.2)

90.4 (24.6)

8 (5.6)

0.018^A

p-cholesterol (mmol/L), mean (SD)

Missing, n (%)

5.1 (1.2)

14 (3.3)

5.3 (1.2)

6 (2.1)

4.7 (1.2)

8 (5.6)

< 0.001^A

p-triglycerides (mmol/L), median (IQR)

Missing, n (%)

1.5 (1.0)

26 (6.2)

1.4 (1.0)

13 (4.7)

1.6 (1.0)

13 (9.1)

0.002^B

p-HDL (mmol/l), mean (SD)

Missing, n (%)

1.3 (0.4)

14 (3.3)

1.4 (0.4)

6 (2.2)

1.2 (0.3)

8 (5.6)

< 0.001^A

p-LDL (mmol/l), mean (SD)

Missing, n (%)

3.3 (1.1)

23 (5.5)

3.5 (1.0)

14 (5.0)

3.0 (1.1)

9 (6.3)

< 0.001^A

p-glucose (mmol/l), mean (SD)

Missing, n (%)

6.3 (2.4)

18 (4.3)

6.2 (2.3)

9 (3.2)

6.6 (2.4)

9 (6.3)

0.16^A

p-IL-6 (pg/mL), median (IQR)

Missing, n (%)

1.9 (2.3)

84 (20)

1.5 (1.6)

51 (18.3)

3.2 (4.3)

33 (23.2)

< 0.001^B

BMI (kg/m²), mean (SD)

Missing, n (%)

27.5 (4)

55 (13.1)

27 (3.9)

28 (10)

28.4 (4.2)

27 (19)

0.003^A

Metformin, n (%)

Missing, n (%)

28 (6.7)

64 (15.2)

13 (4.7)

41 (14.7)

15 (10.6)

23 (16.2)

0.018^C

Lipid-lowering drug use, n (%)

Missing, n (%)

149 (35.4)

64 (15.2)

77 (27.6)

41 (14.7)

72 (50.7)

23 (16.2)

< 0.001^C

Anti-hypertensive drug use, n (%)

Missing, n (%)

200 (47.5)

64 (15.2)

111 (39.8)

41 (14.7)

89 (62.7)

23 (16.2)

< 0.001^C

AAA family history, n (%)

Missing, n (%)

27 (6.4)

154 (36.6)

13 (4.7)

145 (52.0)

14 (9.9)

9 (6.3)

0.82^C

CVD, n (%)

Missing, n (%)

93 (22.1)

6 (1.4)

41 (14.7)

0 (0)

52 (36.6)

6 (4.2)

< 0.001^C

Type 2 diabetes, n (%)

Missing, n (%)

32 (7.6)

6 (1.4)

15 (5.4)

0 (0)

17 (12.0)

6 (4.2)

0.011^C

Cancer, n (%)

Missing, n (%)

52 (10.4)

6 (1.4)

29 (10.4)

0 (0)

23 (16.2)

6 (4.2)

0.060^C

Smoking ≥ 15 pack-years, n (%)

Missing, n (%)

159 (37.8)

68 (16.2)

72 (25.8)

35 (12.6)

87 (61.3)

33 (23.2)

< 0.001^C

HDL: high density lipoprotein, LDL: low density lipoprotein, Hb: Hemoglobin, CVD: cardiovascular disease, IL-6: Interleukin-6, BMI: Body mass index, p: plasma

Data are represented as mean (SD), median (IQR), or count (percentage). A = Student’s t-test; B = Mann Whitney test; C = χ2 test