Table 2.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of subjects in matched cohort
| - | Controls (n = 310) |
Bronchiectasis patients (n = 155) |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 55.0 ± 6.6 | 69.0 ± 11.4 | < 0.01* |
| Male (%) | 108 (34.8%) | 54 (34.8%) | 1.00 |
| Smoking status (%) | 0.275 | ||
| Current smoker | 20 (6.5%) | 5 (3.2%) | |
| Former smoker | 34 (11.0%) | 21 (13.6%) | |
| Non-smoker | 256 (82.6%) | 129 (83.2%) | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 23.7 ± 5.2 | 22.2 ± 3.9 | < 0.01* |
| CIMT (mm), mean ± SD | 0.58 ± 0.10 | 0.64 ± 0.11 | < 0.01* |
| Hypertension (%) | 50 (16.1%) | 47 (30.3%) | < 0.01* |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 7 (2.3%) | 17 (11.0%) | < 0.01* |
| Hyperlipidemia (%) | 35 (11.3%) | 28 (18.1%) | 0.06 |
| Ischemic heart disease (%) | 0 (0%) | 11 (7.1%) | < 0.01* |
| Ischemic stroke/Transient ischemic attack (%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (1.9%) | 0.01* |
| FEV1 (L), mean ± SD | - | 1.69 ± 0.66 | - |
| FEV1 (% predicted), mean ± SD | - | 86.3 ± 24.5 | - |
| FVC (L), mean ± SD | - | 2.50 ± 0.85 | - |
| FVC (% predicted), mean ± SD | - | 95.7 ± 20.6 | - |
| FEV1/FVC Ratio (%), mean ± SD | - | 68.2 ± 12.5 | - |
| Extent of involvement ≥ 3 lobes (%) | - | 60 (38.7%) | - |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization (%) | - | 49 (31.6%) | - |
| Colonization by other organisms (%) | 16 (10.3%) | - | |
| Exacerbation(s) in the past 1 year (%) | - | 33 (21.3%) | - |
| Number of exacerbation(s) in the past 1 year (%) | |||
| 1 | - | 17 (11.0%) | - |
| 2 | - | 7 (4.5%) | - |
| 3 | - | 4 (2.6%) | - |
| 4 | - | 3 (1.9%) | - |
| 5 | - | 2 (1.3%) | - |
| Hospitalized exacerbation(s) in the past 1 year (%) | - | 12 (7.7%) | - |
| Number of hospitalized exacerbation(s) in the past 1 year (%) | |||
| 1 | - | 10 (6.5%) | - |
| 2 | - | 2 (1.3%) | - |
| Baseline FACED score, Median (IQR) | - | 3 (2–4) | - |
| Baseline BSI score, mean ± SD | - | 5.5 ± 3.2 | - |
| Severity of bronchiectasis by FACED score | |||
| Severe | - | 29 (18.7%) | - |
| Moderate | - | 60 (38.7%) | - |
| Mild | - | 66 (42.6%) | - |
| Baseline blood neutrophil count (x cells/µL), mean ± SD | - | 4.10 ± 1.95 | - |
| Baseline blood lymphocyte (x cells/µL), mean ± SD | - | 1.89 ± 0.71 | - |
| Etiology of bronchiectasis | |||
| Post-tuberculosis | - | 32 (20.6%) | - |
| Non-tuberculosis mycobacteria infection | - | 14 (9.0%) | - |
| Post-irradiation | - | 3 (1.9%) | - |
| Diffuse pan-bronchiolitis | - | 1 (0.6%) | - |
| Post-haemopoietic stem cell transplantation | - | 3 (1.9%) | - |
| Primary ciliary dyskinesia | - | 3 (1.9%) | - |
| Idiopathic | - | 99 (63.9%) | - |
| Medication for bronchiectasis (%) | |||
| Macrolide | - | 25 (16.1%) | - |
| Inhaled corticosteroid | - | 57 (36.8%) | - |
| LABA | 35 (22.6%) | - | |
| Theophylline | - | 7 (4.5%) | - |
SD = standard deviation; CIMT = carotid intima-medial thickness; mL = milliliter; * = statistically significant; FEV1 = forced expiratory volume in one second; FVC = forced vital capacity