Table 1.

Preclinical evidence on the role of Mg in adipose tissue.

Study	Type of Animal	Treatment	Treatment Duration	Effects
Devaux et al. [53]	Male Sprague Dawley young rats (YR) vs. old rats (OR)	Diet with Mg deficiency	22 mo	YR adipocytes hyperplasia; OR hypotrophy of adipocytes
Boparai et al. [55]	Male Wistar rats	High sucrose (HS); low Mg (LM); HSLM	12 wk	HSLM ↑ of TBARS and PCO (plasma and liver)
Kurstjens et al. [57]	Male C57BL6/J mice	normal Mg Low-fat diet (NMLFD); NM High fat diet (NMHFD); LMLFD; LMHFD	17 wk	LM ameliorates HFD-induced obesity, fasting glucose ↓, insulin sensitivity ↑; absence of liver steatosis; ↑ BAT Ucp1 m-RNA expression, and higher body temperature
Zhong et al. [59]	Flox and ATKO mice	HFD; TRPM7 inhibition	16 wk	ATKO have less body weight than Flox, ↓ % of macrophage in WAT, IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1
Madaris et al. [68]	Male WT and MRS2−/− KO mice	HFD; Western Diet (WD)	12 mo	MRS2−/− KO in WD no weight gain and ↑ mitochondrial activity and BAT
Choudary et al. [56]	Male Wistar rats	LM; HS; HSLM	3 mo	↓ SOD, catalase and GST in HSLM

ATKO = adipocyte-specific TRPM7 knock-out; BAT = brown adipose tissue; GST = glutathione-S-transferase; HFD = high fat diet; HS = high sucrose; IL = interleukin; KO = knock-out; LFD = low fat diet; LM = low Mg; MCP-1 = monocyte chemoattractive protein 1; MRS2 = mitochondrial RNA splicing 2; NM = normal Mg; OR = old rats; PCO = protein carbonyls; SOD = superoxide dismutase; TBARS = thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; TRPM7 = transient receptor potential ion channels for melastatin; WAT = white adipose tissue; WD = western diet; WT = wild-type; YR = young rats; ↑ = increase; ↓ = decrease; wk = weeks; mo = months.