. 2024 Aug 27;56(1):2385024. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2385024

Table 5.

Adjusted incidence rate ratios for injury outcomes in youth ice hockey players.

	Incidence rate ratio (95% CI)
Potential risk factor	Game-related injury	Game-related injury >7 days of time-loss	Practice-related injury
Age group
Under-13	1 (reference)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
Under-15	1.06 (0.78, 1.41)	1.07 (0.76, 1.51)	0.81 (0.46, 1.43)
Under-18	1.23 (0.89, 1.70)	1.45 (0.99, 2.13)	0.90 (0.45, 1.78)
Bodychecking policy
Permitted	1 (reference)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
Not permitted	0.44 (0.35, 0.55)^†	0.41 (0.31, 0.54)^†	0.84 (0.51, 1.40)
Year of play
First	1 (reference)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
Second	1.00 (0.87, 1.15)	1.07 (0.90, 1.27)	1.06 (0.76, 1.49)
Third	1.01 (0.75, 1.36)	1.05 (0.74, 1.49)	1.28 (0.66, 2.48)
Level of play
Elite (top 20–30%)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
Sub-elite (lower 70–80%)	1.07 (0.90, 1.29)	1.15 (0.94, 1.41)	1.19 (0.82, 1.73)
Sex
Male	1 (reference)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
Female	1.57 (1.18, 2.08)^†	1.66 (1.19, 2.32)^†	1.90 (1.10, 3.28)^†
Player weight	1.00 (0.99, 1.00)	0.99 (0.98, 1.00)	1.00 (0.98, 1.02)
Previous injury in the last year^a
No	1 (reference)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
Yes	1.46 (1.26, 1.70)^†	1.44 (1.18, 1.75)^†	1.26 (0.87, 1.82)
Previous concussion^b
No	1 (reference)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
Yes	1.41 (1.23, 1.62)^†	1.50 (1.27, 1.78)^†	1.55 (1.09, 2.20)^†
Position
Forward	1 (reference)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
Defense	1.00 (0.87, 1.14)	1.05 (0.89, 1.25)	0.93 (0.65, 1.34)
Goalie	0.54 (0.40, 0.72)^†	0.63 (0.45, 0.89)^†	1.09 (0.65, 1.83)

^{^a}

The covariate ‘previous injury in the last year’ includes any concussion that occurred in the previous 12 months.

^{^b}

The covariate ‘previous concussion’ includes any concussion without a date limit.

^{^†}

Statistically significant at p < .05.