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. 2024 Aug 28;12:140. doi: 10.1186/s40478-024-01851-7

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — White and grey matter loss in the brain of Wfs1 KO mice. Structural MRI and diffusion tensor imaging study of Wfs1 KO versus WT mice from age 3 till 7.5 months. a Total brain volume is reduced in Wfs1 KO mice of all ages. Two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparisons; F_1,75=37.23 and p < 0.0001 for genotype, F_3,75=7.709 and p = 0.0001 for age, with p = 0.0015 for 3 months, p = 0.0217 for 4.5 months, p = 0.0108 for 6 months, p = 0.0490 for 7.5 months. b Brain stem volume of Wfs1 KO animals is also reduced at all ages. Two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparisons; F_1,75=203.2 and p < 0.0001 for genotype, F_3,75=0.09256 for age, with p < 0.0001 Wfs1 KO versus WT at all ages. c The volume of the cerebellum is smaller in Wfs1 KO mice starting from 4.5 months. Two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparisons; F_1,75=59.87 and p < 0.0001 for genotype, F_3,75=6.754 and p = 0.0004 for age, with p = 0.0570 for 3 months, p = 0.0085 for 4.5 months, and p < 0.0001 for 6 and 7.5 months. d, f The volume of the corpus callosum (d), olfactory bulb (e), and the thickness of the cortex (f) is similar between genotypes. Two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparisons; F_1,75=0.5229 for genotype, F_3,75=3.910 and p = 0.0119 for age, for corpus callosum; F_1,75=6.116 and p = 0.0157 for genotype, F_3,75=4.160 and p = 0.0088 for age, for olfactory bulb; F_1,75=9.389 and p = 0.0030 for genotype, F_3,75=1.812 for age, for cortical thickness. g Fractional anisotropy, studied in 7.5-month-old Wfs1 KO and WT mice, is different between genotypes for medulla (t₁₇ = 6.753, p = 0.000024), pons (t₁₇ = 5.000, p = 0.000548), cerebellum (t₁₇ = 9.618, p < 0.000001) and superior colliculus (t₁₇ = 5.183, p = 0.000449), but not for corpus callosum (t₁₇ = 1.705), visual cortex (t₁₇ = 0.7255), auditory cortex (t₁₇ = 0.7334) nor motor cortex (t₁₇ = 0.9602). Multiple unpaired t-tests. h Mean diffusivity studied in 7.5-month-old Wfs1 KO and WT mice, is different between genotypes only for cerebellum (t₁₇ = 4.144, p < 0.005416). Multiple unpaired t-tests. Data presented as mean ± SEM, number of animals (N) depicted in the bar graphs