Table 2.
Echocardiographic baseline characteristics of the cohort (one month before TEER). Significant p-values are in bold. LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVED, left ventricular end-diastolic volume; LVEDVI, indexed left ventricular end-diastolic volume; LVESV, left ventricular end-systolic volume; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVESD, left ventricular end-systolic diameter; LV GLS, left ventricular global longitudinal strain; GWI, global work index; GCW, global constructive work; GWW, global wasted work; GWE, global work efficiency; MR, mitral regurgitation; EROA, effective regurgitant orifice area; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; RV FWS, right ventricular free wall longitudinal strain; TR, tricuspid regurgitation; PASP, pulmonary artery systolic pressure.
| All Patients (N = 78) | Functional MR (N = 29) | Organic MR (N = 49) | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LVEF (%) | 50.0 [36.0; 60.0] | 54.0 [40.0; 60.0] | 45.0 [35.0; 61.0] | 0.427 |
| LVEDV (mL) | 120 [90.8; 151] | 102 [84.0; 129] | 127 [96.0; 153] | 0.048 |
| LVEDVI (mL/m2) | 74.5 ± 29.1 | 60.1 [45.1; 72.9] | 74.1 [62.6; 84.6] | 0.016 |
| LVESV (mL) | 61.0 [38.0; 91.0] | 48.0 [34.2; 72.8] | 66.0 [47.0; 96.5] | 0.065 |
| LVEDD (mm) | 54.9 ± 8.87 | 54.0 ± 7.46 | 55.4 ± 9.54 | 0.484 |
| LVESD (mm) | 38.0 [31.0; 49.0] | 36.0 [32.0;44.0] | 40.5 [31.0; 49.8] | 0.361 |
| LV GLS (%) | −13.76 ± 3.88 | −13.68 ± 3.28 | −13.80 ± 4.17 | 0.914 |
| GWI (mmHg%) | 1277 ± 600 | 1281 ± 476 | 1275 ± 654 | 0.966 |
| GCW (mmHg%) | 1628 ± 680 | 1615 ± 489 | 1635 ± 756 | 0.898 |
| GWW (mmHg%) | 149 [96.5; 218] | 119 [59.0; 184] | 157 [105; 225] | 0.094 |
| GWE (%) | 90.0 [84.0; 93.5] | 90.0 [87.0; 95.0] | 89.0 [81.8; 93.0] | 0.124 |
| Left atrial volume index (mL/m2) | 40.6 ± 19.3 | 40.4 [30.8; 45.8] | 34.7 [26.4; 46.8] | 0.675 |
| Left atrial strain reservoir (%) | 10.0 [7.00; 16.0] | 8.00 [7.00; 11.0] | 11.0 [7.25; 16.8] | 0.118 |
| MR grade: | 0.691 | |||
| MR grade 3 | 20 (25.6%) | 10 (34.5%) | 9 (18.4%) | |
| MR grade 4 | 58 (74.4%) | 19 (65.5%) | 40 (81.6%) | |
| EROA (mm2) | 37.0 [30.0; 40.0] | 30.0 [29.2; 40.0] | 40.0 [30.0; 40.0] | 0.038 |
| Transmitral mean pressure gradient (mmHg) | 2.05 [1.60; 2.68] | 1.90 [1.35; 2.50] | 2.20 [1.65; 2.75] | 0.269 |
| TAPSE (mm) | 17.9 ± 3.79 | 16.9 ± 3.02 | 18.3 ± 4.06 | 0.113 |
| RV FWS (%) | −19.20 [−21.95; −14.20] | −19.10 [−20.25; −14.80] | −19.40 [−25.00; −14.50] | 0.381 |
| Tricuspid regurgitation grade: | 0.083 | |||
| TR ≤ 2 | 51 (65.3%) | 15 (51.7%) | 35 (71.4%) | |
| TR ≥ 3 | 27 (34.7%) | 14 (48.3%) | 14 (28.6%) | |
| PASP (mmHg) | 48.5 [38.8; 66.0] | 46.0 [38.5; 58.5] | 49.0 [40.0; 73.0] | 0.190 |
| TAPSE/PASP | 0.40 ± 0.19 | 0.40 ± 0.15 | 0.40 ± 0.20 | 0.949 |