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. 2024 Aug 17;13(8):778. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics13080778

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Inhibition of K. pneumoniae biofilm formation. (A) K. pneumoniae biofilm development is inhibited with exposure to farnesol for 24 h. Data are represented as the mean ± SD (n = 3). (B) Flattened views of three-dimensional stacked Live/Dead images of K. pneumoniae biofilms after 24 h exposure to farnesol. Green indicates live cells (SYTO® 9 staining), while red indicates dead cells (propidium iodide staining). Scale bars are 20 μm. (C) Quantitative evaluation of fluorescence intensity by Photoshop® from the images in (B), with data representing the mean ± SD (n = 3). (D) Quantitative evaluation of fluorescence intensity by Comstat2 from the images in (B) (biomass (µm3/µm2) and average thickness (µm)), using Otsu thresholding [31]. Ctrl indicates the ethanol control corresponding to the same volume of ethanol used to carry farnesol. Ctrl_0.5 = 1.7%, Ctrl_1 = 3.3%, and Ctrl_3 = 10% of ethanol. * p < 0.0001 against each of other groups.