Table 4.
Dietary interventions, nutrient components, and properties/effects on sarcopenia.
| Dietary Intervention | Nutrient Components |
Properties and/or Effects |
References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Increase of dietary protein intake and AAs supplementation | EAAs, BCAAs | Increase of muscle protein biosynthesis; improvement of muscle mass and function | [67,90,93,96] |
| Food supplements | Leucine; β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) |
Increase of muscle protein biosynthesis and reduction of muscle protein breakdown | [106,111] |
| Vitamins (C, D, E) | Antioxidant properties; decrease of inflammation and muscle damage | [95,99] | |
| Naturally derived food supplements | Plant polyphenols | Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties; protection against muscle damage | [94,97,99] |