Table 3. Surface Elemental Composition (%) and Doping Ratio of the PPy Membranes Measured with XPS.
| PPy membranes | C | N | O | Si | Cl | Fe | S | N+/N (%) | doping ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PPy-AOT | 65.1 | 7.8 | 25.1 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 50 | 1:2 |
| PPy-CSA | 45.3 | 3.0 | 45.8 | 0.3 | 3.0 | 2.1 | 0.5 | 32 | 1:3 |
| PPy-Cl– | 37.2 | 3.6 | 52.4 | 0.6 | 2.1 | 3.1 | 1.0 | 33 | 1:3 |
| PPy-PSS | 53.3 | 5.9 | 36.5 | 0.8 | 1.8 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 25 | 1:4 |