Dose proportional effects of gemcitabine and paclitaxel in DcNP or free form on orthotopic 4T1 tumor inhibition. Mice with 4T1 tumors in fat-pads were treated with GT in free form at 20:2 mg/kg (∆) or GT-in-DcNP at 5:0.5 mg/kg (◊), 10:1 mg/kg (□) or 20:2 mg/kg (○) 24 h after cancer cell inoculation. Mice were monitored for 168 h (7 days) after cell inoculation, and before termination, and tumor growth was evaluated by luminescence. Panel (A) and (B) represent the luminescence signal integrations from axillary tumors and sub-iliac tumors, respectively. The mean and standard deviations of luminescence are presented (n = 8–10). DcNP vs. Free, * p < 0.005, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.005, Student’s t-test.