Table 9.
Distribution of changes observed in the liver and pancreas of animals in each of the experimental groups.
| Parameters Evaluated | DC | DH | DN | EE25 | EE50 | EA25 | EA50 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Changes in the Liver | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % |
| Steatosis | ||||||||||||||
| <5% | 13 | 100.0 | 11 | 84.6 | 12 | 100.0 | 10 | 83.3 | 13 | 100.0 | 12 | 100.0 | 11 | 91.7 |
| 5 to 33% | - | - | 2 | 15.4 | - | - | 2 | 16.7 | - | - | - | - | 1 | 8.3 |
| 34 to 66% | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| <66% | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Microvesicular steatosis | ||||||||||||||
| Absent | 13 | 100.0 | 13 | 100.0 | 12 | 100.0 | 11 | 91.7 | 13 | 100.0 | 12 | 100.0 | 11 | 91.7 |
| Presence | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | 8.3 | - | - | - | - | 1 | 8.3 |
| Lobular Inflammation | ||||||||||||||
| Absent | 7 | 53.8 | 3 | 23.1 | 6 | 50.0 | 6 | 50.0 | 2 | 15.4 | 2 | 16.7 | 9 | 75.0 |
| <2 focuses per 200× field | 6 | 46.2 | 9 | 69.2 | 6 | 50.0 | 6 | 50.0 | 10 | 76.9 | 10 | 83.3 | 3 | 25.0 |
| 2–4 focuses per 200× field | - | 1 | 7.7 | - | - | 1 | 7.7 | - | - | |||||
| >4 focuses per 200× field | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Ballooning * | ||||||||||||||
| Absent | 12 | 92.3 | 7 | 53.8 | 11 | 91.7 | 7 | 58.3 | 4 | 30.8 | 6 | 50.0 | 5 | 41.7 |
| Few cells | 1 | 7.7 b | 6 | 46.2 ab | 1 | 8.3 b | 5 | 41.7 ab | 9 | 86.2 a | 6 | 50.0 ab | 7 | 58.2 |
| Many cells | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Mallory’s Hyaline | ||||||||||||||
| Absent | 13 | 100.0 | 13 | 100.0 | 12 | 100.0 | 12 | 100.0 | 13 | 100.0 | 12 | 100.0 | 12 | 100.0 |
| Presence | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Apoptosis | ||||||||||||||
| Absent | 10 | 76.9 | 9 | 69.2 | 9 | 75.0 | 8 | 66.7 | 6 | 46.2 | 8 | 66.7 | 8 | 66.7 |
| Presence | 3 | 23.1 | 4 | 30.8 | 3 | 25.0 | 4 | 33.3 | 7 | 53.8 | 4 | 33.3 | 4 | 33.3 |
| Glycogenated core | ||||||||||||||
| None/rare | 13 | 100.0 | 13 | 100.0 | 12 | 100.0 | 12 | 100.0 | 13 | 100.0 | 12 | 100.0 | 12 | 100.0 |
| Some | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Changes in the Pancreas | ||||||||||||||
| Islet of Langerhans | ||||||||||||||
| No change | 9 | 86.2 | 12 | 92.3 | 11 | 91.7 | 11 | 91.7 | 9 | 86.2 | 10 | 83.3 | 11 | 91.7 |
| Mild atrophy | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Atrophy | 4 | 30.8 | 1 | 7.7 | 1 | 8.3 | 1 | 8.3 | 4 | 30.8 | 2 | 16.7 | 1 | 8.3 |
| Mild hypertrophy | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Hypertrophy | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Pancreatic acini | ||||||||||||||
| No change | 13 | 100.0 | 13 | 100.0 | 12 | 100.0 | 12 | 100.0 | 13 | 100.0 | 12 | 100.0 | 12 | 100.0 |
| Necrosis/Atrophy | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Inflammatory cells | ||||||||||||||
| No change | 13 | 100.0 | 13 | 100.0 | 12 | 100.0 | 12 | 100.0 | 13 | 100.0 | 12 | 100.0 | 12 | 100.0 |
| Insulitis | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Perinsulitis | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
Data are presented as percentages. p-values are according to the chi-square test (* p = 0.007). Significant associations; letters in the body of the table indicate differences between groups using Bonferroni correction. DC = commercial diet; DH = high-fat diet; DN = normocaloric diet; EE25 = ethanolic extract at 25 mg/kg; EE50 = ethanolic extract at 50 mg/kg; EA25 = aqueous extract at 25 mg/kg; EA50 = aqueous extract at 50 mg/kg.