Table 8.
Comparison of immunoregulatory cytokines and cells in remission versus nonremission statuses for the 2005 modified ARA remission criteria #.
| Items | Remission (n = 79 Visits) | Nonremission (n = 68 Visits) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medium or Mean ± S.D. | Quartiles 25–75% or Ranges | Medium or Mean ± S.D. | Quartiles 25–75% or Ranges | |
| Breg cells (%) | 52.5 ± 13.0 | 19.8–81.3 | 51.9 ± 14.4 | 0.15–82.9 |
| Tr1 cells (%) | 11.7 | 6.6–18.4 | 11.2 | 6.9–17.5 |
| *M2 Macrophages (/mL) | 1850.0 | 1000.0–4250.0 | 3200.0 | 1600.0–5800.0 |
| IL-4 (pg/mL) | 15.4 | 6.8–78.6 | 13.5 | 1.6–90.1 |
| IL-5 (pg/mL) | 1818.7 | 1499.7–5932.5 | 2127.8 | 1300.9–3961.6 |
| IL-9 (pg/mL) | 173.3 | 64.4–1127.7 | 220.9 | 84.5–844.3 |
| IL-10 (pg/mL) | 1.3 | 0.0–29.4 | 0.4 | 0.0–12.3 |
| IL-13 (pg/mL) | 0.6 | 0.0–2.0 | 0.4 | 0.0–2.2 |
| IL-27 (pg/mL) | 0.0 | 0.0–103.8 | 0.0 | 0.0–59.6 |
| IL-35 (pg/mL) | 241.4 | 192.7–464.0 | 224.0 | 170.6–510.5 |
| TGF-β1 (pg/mL) | 29.2 | 18.2–67.1 | 26.8 | 14.1–50.3 |
| sTNF-R1 (pg/mL) | 482.9 ± 212.9 | 49.67–1336.79 | 489.2 ± 175.4 | 67.11–1028.09 |
| sTNF-R2 (pg/mL) | 650.0 | 363.4–862.1 | 588.4 | 276.4–690.4 |
# Ref. [13]. Breg: immunoregulatory B cells; Tr1: T regulatory type 1 cells; M2 macrophages: alternatively activated macrophages. All comparisons of cytokines or cells between remission versus nonremission statuses gave p-values > 0.05, except for *M2 Macrophages yielding p = 0.021 by Mann–Whitney U test.