Table 3.

Some examples of VelB regulating secondary metabolite production in fungi.

Fungus	Overexpression/ Deletion of velB	Positive/Negative Regulation	Production of Secondary Metabolites	Ref.
Aspergillus flavus	Deletion	Positive	Decreased production of aflatoxins.	[167]
Aspergillus flavus	Deletion	Positive	Decreased production of aflatoxin B1 (17).	[138]
Aspergillus nidulans	Deletion	Positive	Decreased production of sterigmatocystin (16).	[128]
Aspergillus nidulans	Deletion	Negative	Increased production of sterigmatocystin (16).	[168]
Aspergillus ochraceus	Deletion	Positive	Reduced production of ochratoxin A (10).	[58]
Aspergillus oryzae	Deletion	Negative	Increased production of kojic acid (20).	[147]
Botrytis cinerea	Deletion	Negative	Increased production of melanin.	[169]
Colletotrichum siamense	Deletion	Positive	Decreased production of melanin.	[170]
Curvularia lunata	Deletion	Positive	Decreased production of methyl 5-hydroxymethylfuran-2-carboxylate (126).	[171]
Fusarium fujikuroi	Deletion	Positive	Decreased production of gibberellins, fumonisins and fusarin C (65).	[77]
Fusarium fujikuroi	Deletion	Negative	Increased production of gibepyrones A (74), B (75), C (76), D (77), E (78), and F (79)	[78]
Fusarium graminearum	Deletion	Positive	Decreased production of deoxynivalenol (68).	[171]
Fusarium graminearum	Deletion	Positive	Decreased production of trichothecenes and zearalenone (80).	[172]
Fusarium pseudograminearum	Deletion	Positive	Decreased production of deoxynivalenol (68).	[173]
Neurospora crassa	Deletion	Positive	Reduced biosynthesis of carotenoids.	[157]
Penicillium chrysogenum	Deletion	Negative	Increased production of penicillin G (28).	[174]
Penicillium Expansum	Deletion	Positive	Blocked production of patulin (105).	[160]
Penicillium expansum	Deletion	Positive	Decreased production of chaetoglobusin A (48), citrinin (81), and patulin (105).	[175]
Penicillium expansum	Deletion	Negative	Increased production of fumarylalanine (127).	[175]
Pestalotiopsis microspora	Deletion	Positive	Decreased production of pestalotiollide B (103).	[102]