Table 1.
Comparison of the baseline characteristics of patients between the two groups.
| All Patients | Before Protocol | After Protocol | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients’ Characteristics | n = 4558 | n = 2659 | n = 1899 | p-Value |
| Age, years, median (IQR) | 66 (48–78) | 67 (49–79) | 64 (48–77) | 0.008 |
| Male, n (%) | 2942 (64.5) | 1614 (60.7) | 1328 (69.9) | <0.001 |
| Type of injury (%) | ||||
| Crash | 638 (14.0) | 331 (12.4) | 307 (16.2) | NA |
| Fall | 204 (4.5) | 92 (3.5) | 112 (5.9) | |
| Traffic accident | 2062 (45.2) | 1100 (41.4) | 962 (50.7) | |
| Other trauma | 1654 (36.3) | 1136 (42.7) | 518 (27.3) | |
| ISS, median (IQR) | 16 (9–25) | 13 (9–24) | 19 (13–29) | <0.001 |
| RTS, median (IQR) | 7.84 (7.55–7.84) | 7.84 (7.55–7.84) | 7.84 (7.55–7.84) | 0.014 |
| TRISS, median (IQR) | 0.97 (0.91–0.97) | 0.97 (0.93–0.97) | 0.96 (0.89–0.97) | <0.001 |
| Abdomen AIS, median (IQR) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–2) | <0.001 |
| Pelvic AIS, median (IQR) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 1 (1–3) | <0.001 |
| Thoracic AIS, median (IQR) | 0 (0–3) | 0 (0–3) | 3 (0–4) | <0.001 |
| Multiple trauma, n (%) | 1170 (25.7) | 548 (20.6) | 622 (32.8) | <0.001 |
| Mechanical ventilation at the emergency department, n (%) | 681 (14.9) | 353 (13.3) | 328 (17.3) | <0.001 |
| Use of medical response vehicle or air ambulance, n (%) | 794 (17.4) | 378 (14.2) | 416 (21.9) | <0.001 |
IQR: interquartile range, ISS: injury severity score, RTS: revised trauma score, TRISS: trauma and injury-severity score, AIS: abbreviated injury scale.