Figure 5.

Effects of three AMf extracts on DPPH scavenging rate (A), ABTS scavenging rate (B), and intracellular ROS formation in β-cells under HG-stimulated conditions (C). Each set of data was derived from three and five separate replicate experiments, respectively. Statistical differences were determined using one-way ANOVA test. Levels of significance are indicated as * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001. L-Ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, and metformin were used as the positive control, respectively.