Table 4.

Binominal Logistic Regression Analysis of Bacterial Profiles at patients with acute cholangitis based on COVID-19 status.

						95% Confidence Interval
Predictor	Estimate	SE	Z	p	Odds Ratio	Lower	Upper
Intercept	−2.494	0.339	7.356	< 0 .001	0.0826	0.0425	0.160
Other bile germs:
Yes—No	0.999	0.627	1.593	0.111	2.7147	0.7945	9.275
Acinetobacter spp.
Yes—No	0.531	1.181	0.450	0.653	1.7014	0.1682	17.205
Citrobacter spp.
Yes—No	0.816	0.828	0.985	0.324	2.2608	0.4462	11.454
Pseudomonas spp.
Yes—No	1.457	0.615	2.369	0.018	4.2923	1.2857	14.329
Enterococcus spp.
Yes—No	0.320	0.488	0.655	0.512	1.3771	0.5289	3.586
Klebsiella spp.
Yes—No	0.261	0.514	0.509	0.611	1.2988	0.4742	3.558
Escherichia coli:
Yes—No	0.337	0.431	0.782	0.434	1.4008	0.6021	3.259

Note: Estimates represent the log odds of “Group = COVID” vs. “Group = Without COVID” (dependent variable). The predictors listed are considered independent variables. The model was not adjusted for gender and age. Each estimate is accompanied by its standard error (SE) and Z-score (Z), providing insight into each predictor’s statistical significance and stability within the model. ‘Yes vs. No’ denotes the presence vs. absence of specific bacterial species.