Table 4.
Organic electrolyte-based supercapacitors and their performance.
| Electrode Material | Electrolyte | Cell Voltage (V) |
Specific Capacitance (F/g) |
Power Density (W/Kg) |
Energy Density (Wh/Kg) | Temp. (°C) |
Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Electrode materials in double layer supercapacitors | |||||||
| AC | 1.5 M SBPBF4/PC | 3.5 | 122 at 0.1 A/g | - | 52 | RT | [150], 2014 |
| AC | 1.6 M TEAODFB/PC | 2.5 | 21.4 at 1 A/g | ~1000 | 28 (20 °C) | −40 to 60 | [151], 2012 |
| AC | 0.7 M TEABF4/ADN | 3.75 | 25 at 20 mV/s | - | 28 | RT | [152], 2012 |
| AC | 1 M TEABF4/HFIP | - | 110 at 1 mV/s | - | - | - | [153], 2012 |
| Microporous carbide derived carbon | 1 M NaPF6/(EC-DMC-PC-EA 1:1:1:0.5) |
3.4 | 120 at 1 mV/s | ~90 | ~40 | −40 to 60 | [154], 2014 |
| Highly porous interconnected carbon nanosheets | 1 M TEABF4/ACN | 2.7 | B120-150 at 1 mV/s | 25,000-27,000 | 25 | - | [155], 2014 |
| Heteroatom doped porous carbon flakes |
M LiPF6/(EC-DEC 1:1) | 3 | 126 at 1 A/g | 2243 | 29 | RT | [156], 2014 |
| Carbon (provided by Batscap) | 1 M SBPBF4/ACN | 2.3 | 109 | - | - | −30 to 60 | [157], 2013 |
| Graphene-CNT composite | 1 M TEABF4/PC | 3 | 110 at 1 A/g | 400 | 34.3 | - | [158], 2013 |
| Microporous TiC-CDC | 1 M TEMABF4/(PC-PS 95:5) | 2.7 | 100 at 10 mV/s (60 1C) | ~1000 | ~25–27 | −40 to 60 | [159], 2014 |
| Electrode materials in pesedoucapacitors | |||||||
| PANi/graphite | 0.5 M LiClO4/PC | 1 | ~420 at 50 mV/s | - | - | RT | [160], 2013 |
| MoO3 nanosheets | 1 M LiClO4/PC | - | 540 at 0.1 mV/s | - | - | - | [147], 2010 |
| Nanoporous Co3O4 -graphene composite | 1 M LiPF6/(EC-DEC 1:1) | - | 424.2 at 1 A/g | - | - | RT | [161], 2014 |
| Heterostructured poly (3,6-dithien-2-yl-9H-carbazol-9-yl acetic acid)/TiO2 nanoparticles composite |
0.5 M Bu4NBF4/ACN | 1.2 | 462.88 at 2.5 mA/cm2 | - | 89.98 | RT | [162], 2014 |
Abbreviations: Temp: temperature; RT, room temperature; CNT, carbon nanotube; HFIP, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-ol; AC, activated carbon; ADN, adiponitrile; TEAODFB, tetraethylammonium difluoro(oxalato)borate; TEMABF4: triethylmethylammonium tetrafluoroborate; PS, 1,3-propylene sulfite; TiC-CDC: titanium carbide-derived carbon; SBPBF4, spiro-(1,10)-bipyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate; EC: ethylene carbonate; DEC: diethyl carbonate; DMC: dimethyl carbonate; EA, ethyl acetate; PANi, polyaniline.