Table 3.

25(OH)D and GDM: Sensitivity analyses of MR.

Exposure	Heterogeneity Test				Pleiotropy Test
	IVW		MR–Egger		MR–Egger Intercept			MR–PRESSO Results (p)
	Q	p	Q	p	Intercept	SE	p	Raw	Outlier-Corrected
25(OH)D	142.35	0.021	141.87	0.019	0.003	0.005	0.5465	0.0874	0.1691
25(OH)D (IVs independent of BMI)	95.01	0.312	94.54	0.298	0.003	0.005	0.5108	0.5092	NA

IV, instrumental variable; BMI, Body mass index; NA, not available.