Table 3.
Awareness levels on shisha use by students in public universities in Coastal Kenya between 2018 and 2019.
| All students (N = 380) | Shisha consumption | P value∗ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Never use (n = 74) | Current use (n = 31) | Ever use (n = 275) | |||
| Do you know what shisha is? | |||||
| No | 131 (34) | 22 (16.8) | 8 (6.1) | 101 (77.1) | 0.30 |
| Yes | 249 (66) | 52 (20.9) | 23 (9.2) | 174 (69.9) | |
|
| |||||
| Do you know what it contains? | |||||
| No | 114 (30) | 24 (21.1) | 9 (7.9) | 81 (71.1) | 0.45 |
| Yes | 181 (48) | 30 (16.6) | 18 (9.9) | 133 (73.5) | |
| Not sure | 85 (22) | 20 (23.5) | 4 (4.7) | 61 (71.8) | |
|
| |||||
| Do you know the effects of shisha? | |||||
| No | 155 (41) | 44 (28.4) | 8 (5.2) | 103 (66.5) | 0.001 |
| Yes | 225 (59) | 30 (13.3) | 23 (10.2) | 172 (76.4) | |
|
| |||||
| Frequency of using shisha | |||||
| Daily | 25 (8.2) | — | 2 (8.0) | 23 (92.0) | 0.14 |
| Weekly | 82 (27) | — | 7 (8.5) | 75 (91.5) | |
| Monthly | 106 (35) | — | 7 (6.6) | 99 (93.4) | |
| Regularly | 93 (30) | — | 15 (16.1) | 78 (83.9) | |
|
| |||||
| Time used in the semester | |||||
| Beginning of semester | 121 (40) | — | 4 (3.3) | 117 (96.7) | <0.001 |
| Mid of semester | 52 (17) | — | 1 (1.9) | 51 (98.1) | |
| End of semester | 78 (25) | — | 7 (9.0) | 71 (91) | |
| Throughout the semester | 55 (18) | — | 19 (34.6) | 36 (65.6) | |
|
| |||||
| What effects do you experience after using shisha? | |||||
| Anxiety | 38 (12) | — | 6 (15.8) | 32 (84.2) | 0.40 |
| Coughing | 34 (11) | — | 3 (8.8) | 31 (91.2) | |
| Hallucination | 33 (11) | — | 1 (3.0) | 32 (96.9) | |
| High appetite | 30 (9.8) | — | 4 (13.3) | 26 (86.7) | |
| No appetite | 19 (6.2) | — | 3 (15.8) | 16 (84.2) | |
| Tired | 17 (5.6) | — | 0 | 17 (100) | |
| Sexual urge | 76 (25) | — | 10 (13.2) | 66 (86.8) | |
| Emotional | 29 (9.5) | — | 1 (3.5) | 28 (96.6) | |
| Don't know | 30 (9.8) | — | 3 (10.0) | 27 (90.0) | |
|
| |||||
| Would you like to be counselled to stop taking shisha? | |||||
| No | 275 (90) | — | 28 (10.2) | 247 (89.8) | 0.93 |
| Yes | 31 (10) | — | 3 (9.7) | 28 (90.3) | |
|
| |||||
| Where do you get shisha from? | |||||
| Home | 32 (10) | — | 5 (15.6) | 27 (84.4) | 0.32 |
| Tudor | 29 (9.5) | — | 0 | 29 (100) | |
| Kongowea | 13 (4.3) | — | 1 (7.7) | 12 (92.3) | |
| Mtwapa | 63 (21) | — | 6 (9.5) | 57 (90.5) | |
| Others | 169 (55) | — | 19 (11.2) | 150 (88.8) | |
|
| |||||
| Reasons for using shisha | |||||
| Peer pressure | 167 (55) | — | 14 (8.4) | 153 (91.6) | 0.29 |
| Family background | 24 (7.8) | — | 5 (20.8) | 19 (79.2) | |
| Availability | 44 (14) | — | 8 (18.2) | 36 (81.8) | |
| Money availability | 8 (2.6) | — | 1 (12.5) | 7 (87.5) | |
| Failure at school | 11 (3.6) | — | 1 (9.1) | 10 (90.9) | |
| Stress | 9 (2.9) | — | 0 | 9 (100) | |
| Mass media influence | 10 (3.3) | — | 1 (10.0) | 9 (90.0) | |
| To be awake | 30 (9.8) | — | 1 (3.3) | 29 (96.7) | |
| Others | 3 (1.0) | — | 0 | 3 (100) | |
|
| |||||
| Do you use other drugs? | |||||
| No | 254 (67) | 54 (21.3) | 15 (5.9) | 185 (72.8) | 0.05 |
| Yes | 126 (33) | 20 (15.9) | 16 (12.7) | 90 (71.4) | |
∗ P values from chi-square/Fisher's exact test; all results are expressed as frequency and proportion; 74 participants who never reported use of shisha were excluded in the analysis. Statistical significance at α < 0.05.