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. 2022 Feb 17;1(2):157–173. doi: 10.1038/s44161-022-00018-8

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© The Author(s) 2022, corrected publication 2022

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Fig. 1 — Representative electrocardiograms from conscious mutant and control mice with indication of ECG parameters and interval durations. a, Gatm loss (Gatm^−/−) caused lower heart rate with prolonged QRS width and QTc and ST interval lengths. b, Pla2g10 loss (Pla2g10^−/−) lowered heart rate and prolonged PR, PQ and QTc intervals in female null mice. c, Cap2 depletion (Cap2^−/+) induced lower heart rate and lengthy QTc and ST durations in male null mice compared with C57BL/6N controls. Data are presented by Mouse Specifics software. Interval durations are given in milliseconds. M-mode recordings are through a short-axis view tangential to the papillary muscle from representative mutant and control mice. Images show the LVID throughout diastole and systole. d, Leprotl1 depletion (Leprotl1^−/−) reduced LV diameters (LVIDs and LVIDd) and increased myocardial wall thickness (LVAWs, LVAWd and LVPWs) with decreased systolic function compared with C57BL/6N controls. e, Alpk3 depletion (Alpk3^−/−) increased LV diameters (LVIDs and LVIDd) and decreased systolic function via reduced fractional shortening and ejection fraction, suggesting dilated left ventricle or even dilated cardiomyopathy. The y axis represents the distance (in mm) from the transducer (Vevo 2100); time (in ms) is on the x axis. f, Ap4e1 loss (Ap4e1^−/−) caused an impairment of LVIDd and LVIDs and consequently lowered stroke volume. The y axis represents the distance (in mm) from the transducer (Vevo 2100); time (in ms) is on the x axis. g, Representative electrocardiograms from conscious Ap4e1-mutant and C57BL/6N control mice with indication of ECG parameters and interval durations. Ap4e1 loss lowered heart rate and concurrently increased RR interval duration. Data are presented by Mouse Specifics software.