Table 1.
Patient demographics, medication use, lung function and prevalence of small airways dysfunction.
| Demographics (N = 148) | N (%) |
|---|---|
| aMedian (IQR) | |
| Age (years)a | 49.33 (34.81–62.19) |
| Male/female (%) | 55/93 (37.2%/62.8%) |
| Ethnicity—Caucasian/Other (%) | 121/27 (81.8%/18.2%) |
| BMI (kg/m2)a | 30.09 (24.77–35.36) |
| Smoking status (%) | |
| Current | 7 (4.7%) |
| Former | 56 (37.8%) |
| Never | 85 (57.4%) |
| Exacerbation in the preceding or proceeding 12 months (%) | |
| Yes | 80 (54.1%) |
| No | 56 (37.8%) |
| Not documented (unknown) | 12 (8.1%) |
| Inhaled therapy | N (%) |
| None | 8 (5.4%) |
| ICS monotherapy | 7 (4.7%) |
| ICS/LABA | 66 (44.6%) |
| LAMA/LABA (no ICS) | 1 (0.7%) |
| Single inhaler triple therapy (ICS/LABA/LAMA) | 10 (6.8%) |
| Triple therapy (ICS/LABA/LAMA) using multiple inhalers | 66 (44.6%) |
| Systemic therapy | N (%) |
| Montelukast | 28 (18.9%) |
| Oral corticosteroids (maintenance) | 21 (14.2%) |
| Biologic (monoclonal antibody) | 25 (16.9%) |
| Pulmonary function tests | Median (IQR) |
| FEV1% predicted (%) | 73.3 (57.1–85.0) |
| FVC % predicted (%) | 92.9 (78.5–100.8) |
| FEV1/FVC ratio (%) | 62.5 (57.1–85.0) |
| R5Hz, [kPa/(L/s)] | 0.54 (0.40–0.75) |
| R5Hz % predicted (%) | 173.15 (133.98–229.38) |
| R20Hz [kPa/(L/s)] | 0.38 (0.30–0.46) |
| R20Hz % predicted (%) | 136.40 (117.08–166.93) |
| R5-R20 [kPa/(L/s)] | 0.13 (0.08–0.28) |
| ΔR5–R20% (%) | 35.26 (22.99–59.68) |
| AX (kPa/L) | 0.66 (0.27–2.10) |
| BF (L/min) | 12.98 (10.68–16.49) |
| Fres (Hz) | 15.00 (10.75–20.92) |
| X5 [kPa/(L/s)] | −0.17 (−0.28 to −0.11) |
| X5% predicted (%) | 177.00 (115.45–248.20) |
| FeNO (ppb) (N = 144) | 31.5 (20.8–60.0) |
| Prevalence of small airway dysfunction | N (%) |
| R5–R20 > 0.07 kPa/(L/s) | 112 (75.7%) |
| ΔR5–R20% > 20% | 116 (78.4%) |
| X5 < −0.12 kPa/(L/s) | 99 (66.9%) |
| X5 < LLN | 78 (52.7%) |
| Fres > 14.2 Hz | 81 (54.7% |
| AX > 0.44 kPa/L | 96 (64.9%) |