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. 2024 Aug 28;9:155. doi: 10.1038/s41541-024-00946-5

Table 1.

Samples used for analysis

Vaccine/falsified surrogate Target pathogen/disease Refs.
Engerix B Hepatitis B infection 44
Flucelvax Tetra Influenza virus strains 45
Ixiaro Japanese encephalitis virus 46
Nimenrix Meningococcal disease 47
Amikacin 250 mg/mL 3
Milli-Q water 3
Tap water 3
Water for injection 3
0.9% m/V sodium chloride 3,48
5% m/V glucose solution 8
Gentamicin 40 mg/mL 48
Hyaluronic acid 49

Genuine vaccines (including target pathogen/disease) and falsified vaccine constituents (including refs.) either previously reported to have been used or could be used as falsified vaccines.