Table 2.
Spasticity areas and muscular groups affected.
| Overall PSS (n = 2190) |
BoNT-A (n = 559) |
Non-BoNT-A (n = 1631) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Spasticity affected area, n (%) & | 1483 (67.7) | 391 (70.0) | 1092 (67.0) |
| Upper and lower limb affected | 612 (41.3) | 171 (43.7) | 441 (40.3) |
| Lower limb affected | 519 (35.0) | 81 (20.7) | 438 (40.1) |
| Upper limb affected | 352 (23.7) | 139 (35.5) | 213 (19.5) |
| Muscular groups affected per area | |||
| Upper limb muscular groups, n (%) *& | 1131 (51.6) | 310 (55.5) | 821 (50.3) |
| Elbow flexion | 552 (48.8) | 175 (56.5) | 377 (45.9) |
| Others | 241 (21.3) | 112 (36.1) | 129 (15.7) |
| Shoulder adduction | 119 (10.5) | 75 (24.2) | 44 (5.4) |
| Thumb in palm | 72 (6.4) | 55 (17.7) | 17 (2.1) |
| Claw hand muscles | 20 (1.8) | 20 (6.5) | 0 (0.0) |
| Wrist flexion | 13 (1.1) | 13 (4.2) | 0 (0.0) |
| Lower limb muscular groups, n (%) *& | 964 (44.0) | 252 (45.1) | 712 (43.7) |
| Equinovarus foot | 331 (34.3) | 13 (5.2) | 200 (28.1) |
| Hip flexion | 300 (31.1) | 93 (36.9) | 207 (29.1) |
| Knee extension | 119 (12.3) | 40 (15.9) | 79 (11.1) |
| Others | 11 (1.1) | 1 (0.4) | 10 (1.4) |
BoNT-A: botulinum neurotoxin type A. Data were extracted and analyzed considering all available information during the study period. Lower limb spasticity includes the lower limb only. Upper limb spasticity includes the upper limb only. * Some patients exhibited multifocal muscle group involvement, resulting in the total count (n) and percentage not aligning with the total number of patients with upper or lower limb spasticity. The denominator of percentages of the subcategories in bold is based on the N of the overall sample—patients treated with BoNT-A and patients not treated with BoNT-A. The denominator of percentages in indented rows is based on the N of the parent category. & The data reflect the number (n) and percentage (%) of patients with available information for this variable.