Table 1.
Overview of experimental studies that have investigated the effect of warming and/or drought on the bacterial and fungal community associated with plants
| Study | Plant species and studied tissue | Type and total duration of warming/drought | Community metrics | Effect of warming | Effect of drought | Interactive effect of warming and drought |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Bálint et al. 2015) | Populus balsamifera (Phyllosphere) |
Passive warming via open-top chambers; 6 months (May – Sep) over two years (2010/11) |
Fungal Diversity, evenness and community composition |
Decreased diversity, species richness and evenness; Changed community composition |
Not tested | Not tested |
| (Kazenel et al. 2019) | Perennial grasses: Achnatherum lettermanii, Festuca thurberi, Poa pratensis (Phyllosphere and roots) |
Infrared heating lamps; 23 years |
Fungal diversity and community composition | No effect of warming on fungal diversity or community composition | Not tested | Not tested |
| (Firrincieli et al. 2020) | Wild Poplar Populus trichocarpa (Phyllosphere) | Based on climate conditions | Bacterial diversity | Not tested | Hot temperature reduced diversity | Not tested |
| (Wipf et al. 2021) | Sorghum bicolor (Roots) | Growth chamber, 7 days under stress | Bacterial species richness, community composition | Bacterial diversity increased | Bacterial diversity decreased | Changes in relative bacterial community composition |
| (Faticov et al. 2021) |
Quercus robur (Phyllosphere) |
Temperature increase of 2 °C over whole season | Fungal species richness, evenness, diversity | Fungal species richness & evenness decreased, changed community composition | Not tested | Not tested |
| (Fu et al. 2022) | Grassland of Inner Mongolia (Roots) | Intense drought and chronic drought | AM fungal richness, community composition, relative abundance diversity, inverse Simpson index | Not tested | Decreased AM fungal richness after three years continuous drought | Not tested |
| (Debray et al. 2022) |
Solanum lycopersicum (Phyllosphere) |
50% water deficit after 22d | Bacterial and fungal species richness, diversity, community composition | Not tested | Decreased bacterial species richness and diversity; increased fungal diversity | Not tested |