Table 1. Women’s characteristics.
| Variable | Total (n = 181) | Fetal birth order | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First (n = 80) | Second or subsequent (n = 101) | |||||
| n | Mean or n | n | Mean or n | n | Mean or n | |
| Characteristic | ||||||
| Age (years) (SD) | 181 | 33.1 (5.2) | 80 | 32.4 (5.5) | 101 | 33.6 (4.8) |
| Family structure | ||||||
| Nuclear family (%) | 181 | 169 (93.4) | 80 | 75 (93.8) | 101 | 94 (93.1) |
| Other (%) | 181 | 12 (6.6) | 80 | 5 (6.3) | 101 | 7 (6.9) |
| Gestational age (weeks) (SD) | 181 | 29.8 (4.5) | 80 | 30.0 (4.4) | 101 | 29.6 (4.6) |
| Fetal birth order | ||||||
| First (%) | 181 | 80 (44.2) | ||||
| Second (%) | 181 | 62 (34.3) | ||||
| Third (%) | 181 | 27 (14.9) | ||||
| Fourth and above (%) | 181 | 12 (6.6) | ||||
| Feelings when I found out about my pregnancy | ||||||
| Happy (%) | 181 | 160 (88.4) | 80 | 72 (90.0) | 101 | 88 (87.1) |
| Other (%) | 181 | 21 (11.6) | 80 | 8 (10.0) | 101 | 13 (12.9) |
| Pregnancy complications | ||||||
| Yes (%) | 181 | 32 (17.7) | 80 | 13 (16.3) | 101 | 19 (18.8) |
| No (%) | 181 | 149 (82.3) | 80 | 67 (83.8) | 101 | 82 (81.2) |
| Past medical history | ||||||
| Yes (%) | 181 | 34 (18.8) | 80 | 18 (22.5) | 101 | 16 (15.8) |
| No (%) | 181 | 147 (81.2) | 80 | 62 (77.5) | 101 | 85 (84.2) |
| Occupational status | ||||||
| Full-time job (%) | 180 | 47 (26.1) | 80 | 32 (40.0) | 100 | 15 (15.0) |
| Part-time job (%) | 180 | 13 (7.2) | 80 | 4 (5.0) | 100 | 9 (9.0) |
| Maternity leave/leave of absence (%) | 180 | 53 (29.4) | 80 | 25 (31.3) | 100 | 28 (28.0) |
| Homemaker/student (%) | 180 | 67 (37.2) | 80 | 19 (23.8) | 100 | 48 (48.0) |
| Evaluation of financial situation | ||||||
| Very good (%) | 179 | 2 (1.1) | 79 | 0 (0) | 100 | 2 (2.0) |
| Good (%) | 179 | 105 (58.7) | 79 | 51 (64.6) | 100 | 54 (54.0) |
| Fair (%) | 179 | 63 (35.2) | 79 | 25 (31.6) | 100 | 38 (38.0) |
| Poor (%) | 179 | 9 (5.0) | 79 | 3 (3.8) | 100 | 6 (6.0) |
| Education level | ||||||
| Junior high school (%) | 180 | 9 (5.0) | 80 | 5 (6.3) | 100 | 4 (4.0) |
| High school (%) | 180 | 29 (16.1) | 80 | 9 (11.3) | 100 | 20 (20.0) |
| Junior college/technical school (%) | 180 | 53 (29.4) | 80 | 23 (28.7) | 100 | 30 (30.0) |
| College (%) | 180 | 86 (47.8) | 80 | 41 (51.2) | 100 | 45 (45.0) |
| Graduate school (%) | 180 | 3 (1.7) | 80 | 2 (2.5) | 100 | 1 (1.0) |
| Currently returned to parents’ home for delivery | ||||||
| Yes (%) | 181 | 23 (12.7) | 80 | 13 (16.3) | 101 | 10 (9.9) |
| No (%) | 181 | 158 (87.3) | 80 | 67 (83.8) | 101 | 91 (90.1) |
The total and subscale scores for all measures used in this study were not normally distributed. The median (IQR) KMSS score for all women was 18.0 (17.0–21.0). The median (IQR) ECR-RS scores in the three domains for all women were: 11.0 (7.0–18.0) and 3.0 (3.0–3.0) for avoidance and anxiety toward the mother, respectively; 20.0 (12.0–27.0) and 3.0 (3.0–4.0) for the father, respectively; and 9.0 (6.0–13.0) and 3.0 (3.0–6.0) for the partner, respectively. The median (IQR) PCS score for all women was 80.0 (68.0–90.0).