Fig. 5.

A representation of the sublexical system as nodes-and-links between phonemes (yellow) and graphemes (blue). A The graphemic inventory of Chee et al. (2020); B that of the current work. The networks here depict the connections from the phoneme /ʃ/ (circled in red) to all of its potential graphemes, as well as between each of those graphemes to the phonemes they represent, and so on until no other potential mappings remaining. As such, this network represents a phonographemic “island” of interrelated phonemes and graphemes. The more exhaustive inventory of graphemes in the current work results in greater network complexity (panel B compared to panel A)