Table 4.
Results of the mixed-effects Poisson regression predicting variability in pseudoword responses. PTAN = number of phonological neighbors; PGTAN = number of phonographic neighbors; p(P|G) = reading consistency, p(G|P) = spelling consistency. P values based on Wald Z-value, *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05, ~ p < 0.10. R2 = pseudo R2, trigamma estimate (Bartoń, 2022); marginal = fixed effects only, conditional = fixed+random effects
| Regressor | Estimate | Std. Error | Wald Z-value | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Intercept) | – 2.880 | 0.031 | – 91.77 | < 2.00E-16*** |
| Lexical Status | 0.006 | 0.032 | 0.17 | 0.86227 |
| Syllables | – 0.208 | 0.024 | – 8.68 | < 2.00E-16*** |
| Phonemes | – 0.044 | 0.022 | – 1.98 | 0.04788* |
| Phonotactics | 0.036 | 0.023 | 1.59 | 0.11256 |
| PTAN | – 0.037 | 0.023 | – 1.6 | 0.10894 |
| PGTAN | 0.055 | 0.018 | 3.14 | 0.00167** |
| Phonographeme_LgFreq | 0.217 | 0.035 | 6.19 | 5.95E-10*** |
| Phonographeme p(P|G) | 0.367 | 0.030 | 12.23 | < 2.00E-16*** |
| Onset p(P|G) | 0.305 | 0.024 | 12.85 | < 2.00E-16*** |
| Rime p(P|G) | 0.208 | 0.041 | 5.07 | 4.01E-07*** |
| Phonographeme p(G|P) | 0.056 | 0.033 | 1.73 | 0.08291~ |
| Rime p(G|P) | 0.174 | 0.040 | 4.35 | 1.37E-05*** |
| marginal | conditional | |||
| R2 | 57.05% | 87.50% |