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. 2024 Aug 29;10:75. doi: 10.1038/s41522-024-00556-y

Fig. 5. Intestinal SCFA signaling is impacted post-SCI and promotes rescue of NBD.

Fig. 5

A–C Quantification of indicated short-chain fatty-acids at endpoint fecal pellets from male mice with sham laminectomy (sham), or with SCI (SCI-veh) or inulin-supplemented diet (SCI-inulin). Quantification of colonic free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2) (D), free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3) (E), and G-protein-coupled receptor 109 (GPR109) (F) by western blot. G Experimental overview: male wild-type mice receive laminectomy with 70kilodyne contusive spinal cord injury (SCI) followed by daily gavage of vehicle (veh), tripropionin (TRP), or tributyrin (TRB). H Progressive Basso mouse scale (BMS) scores, with dashed line at 9 uninjured locomotor function. I intestinal transit time at experimental endpoint. Quantification of colonic protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5) (J), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) (K), choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) (L), and free fatty acid 2 (FFAR2) (M) by western blot. N Concentration of serum IL-10 by ELISA. Each point represents individuals for all but (H), where each circle is the average of all mice within that experimental group. N = 7–11 (A–C), N = 9–12 (D–F), N = 11–13 (H, I, N), N = 7–10 (J–M). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. Data are shown as mean ± SEM and compared by ordinary one-way ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey’s (A–F) or Dunnett’s (I–N) tests, and by 2-way ANOVA with post-hoc Dunnett’s multiple comparison test (H). Dashed line in (H) indicates maximum possible score for BMS of 9.