Table 4.
Factors Associated with Advanced HIV Disease in Tanzania, n=677
| Variables | Categories | Crude OR | Adjusted OR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age group | 15–30 years | 1 | 1 |
| 31–40 years | 2.11 (1.22, 3.67)** | 2.12 (1.18, 3.81)* | |
| ≥41 years | 2.69 (1.59, 4.54)*** | 2.42 (1.32, 4.41)** | |
| Sex | Female | 1 | 1 |
| Male | 1.41 (0.95, 2.11) | 1.77 (1.09, 2.87)* | |
| Residence | Urban Rural |
1 1.21 (0.80, 1.84) |
1 1.38 (0.78, 2.43) |
| Marital status | Never married | 1 | 1 |
| Currently married | 1.46 (0.69, 3.08) | 1.13 (0.50, 2.59) | |
| Divorced/widowed | 1.87 (0.87, 4.06) | 1.50 (0.63, 3.63) | |
| Education | No formal education | 1 | 1 |
| Primary education | 0.53 (0.34, 0.83)** | 0.49 (0.30, 0.81)** | |
| Secondary/higher | 0.75 (0.38, 1.49) | 0.92 (0.40, 2.14) | |
| Work status | Not working | 1 | 1 |
| Working | 0.76 (0.51, 1.13) | 0.69 (0.45, 1.06) | |
| Wealth | Lowest | 1 | 1 |
| Middle | 1.08 (0.67, 1.73) | 1.39 (0.83, 2.33) | |
| Highest | 1.04 (0.63, 1.72) | 1.88 (0.92, 3.85) | |
| HIV knowledge | Poor | 1 | 1 |
| Good | 1.06 (0.70, 1.60) | 1.24 (0.77, 2.00) | |
| Attitude towards PLHIV | Negative | 1 | 1 |
| Positive | 0.97 (0.63, 1.49) | 1.02 (0.62, 1.67) | |
| Condom use | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 0.70 (0.45, 1.09) | 0.64 (0.39, 1.06) | |
| Shame | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 0.70 (0.38, 1.31) | 0.74 (0.39, 1.44) | |
| Syphilis infection | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 2.07 (0.92, 4.63) | 2.49 (1.07, 5.77)* | |
| Disability | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.15 (0.59, 2.23) | 0.82 (0.40, 1.68) |
Notes: ***p<0.001; **p<0.01; *p<0.05.
Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; PLHIV, people living with HIV.