Figure 2.

The severity of cholestatic liver injury depends on the transmission of gut microbiota. (a). FMT experimental design: mice received vancomycin (100 mg/kg), neomycin sulfate (200 mg/kg), metronidazole (200 mg/kg), and ampicillin (200 mg/kg) intragastrically once daily for 5 days to deplete the gut microbiota, in which feces sample derived from BDL-severe and BDL-mild and sacrificed at 5 days after BDL. (b). Serum ALT, AST, and TBA levels. (c). Representative images of liver stained with hematoxylin and eosin (100 μm) and quantification of liver cell necrosis area. (d). Representative images of immunofluorescence analyses of F4/80 (200 μm) and the quantification of the positive area. (e). Hepatic mRNA expression of inflammation-related genes. n = 6 individuals/group. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. Two-tailed Student’s t-test or Mann–Whitney test. Columns with different letters differ significantly (P < 0.05). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. Scale bar: 100 μm or 200 μm. Abbreviations: WT, wild type.