Table 1.
Patient demographic and clinical characteristics
| Characteristic | Primary LDH (group C, n=241) | Recurrent LDH (group R, n=8) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 45.7±17.0 | 48.8±19.2 | 0.622 |
| Sex (male) | 152 (63.1) | 5 (62.5) | 0.974 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.6±4.6 | 20.8±2.1 | 0.109 |
| Duration of symptoms (mo) | 9.9±16.4 | 6.7±6.9 | 0.607 |
| Herniated disc level | |||
| L1–2 | 4 (1.7) | 0 | |
| L2–3 | 12 (5.0) | 0 | |
| L3–4 | 11 (4.6) | 1 (12.5) | |
| L4–5 | 105 (43.6) | 1 (12.5) | |
| L5–S1 | 109 (45.2) | 6 (75.0) | |
| Smoking status | 28 (11.6) | 1 (12.5) | 0.234 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 13 (5.4) | 0 | 0.528 |
| NRS for low back pain | 4.9±2.9 | 3.5±2.3 | 0.168 |
| NRS for leg pain | 6.6±2.6 | 7.0±3.1 | 0.628 |
| Oswestry Disability Index (%) | 41.5±18.1 | 35.7±13.8 | 0.408 |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%).
LDH, lumbar disc herniation; NRS, Numerical Rating Scale.