Table 2.
Summary of findings for the eight patients with recurrent LDH (group R)
| Variable | Patient 1 | Patient 2 | Patient 3 | Patient 4 | Patient 5 | Patient 6 | Patient 7 | Patient 8 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 64 | 25 | 44 | 43 | 63 | 38 | 82 | 31 |
| Sex | Male | Male | Female | Female | Male | Male | Female | Male |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.9 | 20.1 | 19 | 20.3 | - | - | - | - |
| Previous treatments | Conservative treatment | Discectomy (MED) | Discectomy (MED) | Discectomy (MED) | Discectomy (LOVE) | Discectomy (LOVE) | Discectomy (LOVE) | Discectomy (LOVE) |
| Herniated disc level | L5–S1 | L4–5 | L5–S1 | L5–S1 | L5–S1 | L5–S1 | L3–4 | L5–S1 |
| Duration of recurrence (mo) | 60 | 132 | 39 | 4 | 36 | 15 | 13 | 168 |
| D_uration of from onset of symptoms to treatment (mo) | 9 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 21 | 4 |
| NRS for low back pain | ||||||||
| Preoperative | 1 | 5 | 0 | 3 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 4 |
| Final observation | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 6 |
| NRS for leg pain | ||||||||
| Preoperative | 1 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 7 | 5 |
| Final observation | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 7 | 3 |
| Oswestry Disability Index (%) | ||||||||
| Preoperative | 20 | 56 | - | 18 | 34 | 34 | 40 | 48 |
| Final observation | - | - | 10 | 28 | 16 | 18 | 52 | 36 |
| Pfirrmann grade | V | IV | IV | III | III | III | IV | III |
| H_igh-intensity signal change at herniation site on T2-weighted MRI | - | + | - | - | - | - | - | + |
| Type of disc herniation | Transligamentous | Subligamentous | Transligamentous | Transligamentous | Transligamentous | Subligamentous | Subligamentous | Subligamentous |
| Location disc herniation | Paracentral | Paracentral | Paracentral | Paracentral | Paracentral | Paracentral | Paracentral | Paracentral |
| Size of disc herniation | Reduced | Reduced | Reduced | Reduced | Reduced | Reduced | No change | Reduced |
LDH, lumbar disc herniation; MED, microendoscopic discectomy; LOVE, fenestration discectomy (LOVE surgery); NRS, Numerical Rating Scale; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging.