Table 2.

Annual rates of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and vascular access recreation (VAR) in hemodialysis centers by hospital level, 2004–2012.

(Per 1000 HD sessions)		2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	P value
Overall	PTA	1.24 (1.25)	1.47 (1.39)	1.75 (1.60)	1.88 (1.60)	2.16 (1.69)	2.59 (1.83)	2.81 (2.15)	3.14 (2.09)	3.23 (1.87)	< 0.001
	VA	0.53 (0.45)	0.72 (0.54)	0.66 (0.55)	0.74 (0.57)	0.82 (0.64)	0.83 (0.62)	0.83 (0.74)	0.87 (0.97)	0.81 (0.73)	< 0.001
By hospital level
Tertiary	PTA	1.46 (0.96)	1.51 (0.96)	1.78 (1.10)	1.94 (1.14)	1.96 (1.32)	2.1 (1.18)	2.39 (1.31)	2.52 (1.30)	2.64 (1.30)	< 0.001
	VA	0.54 (0.29)	0.74 (0.4)	0.79 (0.54)	0.83 (0.41)	0.81 (0.51)	0.8 (0.47)	0.82 (0.51)	0.72 (0.47)	0.75 (0.61)	0.27
Regional	PTA	1.48 (1.48)	1.91 (1.66)	2.22 (1.88)	2.22 (2.00)	2.5 (1.84)	2.81 (1.67)	3.11 (1.74)	3.49 (1.71)	3.56 (1.97)	< 0.001
	VA	0.54 (0.34)	0.91 (0.5)	0.92 (0.54)	0.95 (0.58)	1.01 (0.65)	1.00 (0.65)	0.94 (0.64)	0.98 (0.56)	0.88 (0.55)	0.14
Local	PTA	1.22 (1.34)	1.50 (1.41)	1.75 (1.7)	1.89 (1.72)	2.12 (1.85)	2.76 (2.16)	3.06 (2.99)	3.22 (2.36)	3.26 (2.03)	< 0.001
	VA	0.52 (0.41)	0.73 (0.56)	0.66 (0.6)	0.70 (0.60)	0.83 (0.70)	0.88 (0.71)	0.96 (0.98)	1.02 (1.55)	0.93 (1.01)	< 0.001
Clinic	PTA	1.15 (1.09)	1.32 (1.28)	1.62 (1.46)	1.78 (1.42)	2.12 (1.57)	2.47 (1.69)	2.64 (1.72)	3.05 (2.05)	3.17 (1.79)	< 0.001
	VA	0.54 (0.51)	0.65 (0.54)	0.59 (0.5)	0.71 (0.55)	0.76 (0.6)	0.76 (0.57)	0.73 (0.6)	0.78 (0.62)	0.74 (0.58)	0.006

Data represented as mean (SD). We inspected the changing linear trend of overall and affiliation hospital-level-specific annual PTA and VAR rates through a linear regression model by putting the calendar year as an independent variable.

PTA percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, VA vascular access.