Table 2.

Example of physician and chatbot responses to a question on the knowledge and management of cervical cancer with mean quality ratings for each response.

Question	Physician response	ChatGPT response	Bard response
Is it safe to have a laparoscopic hysterectomy for cervical cancer?	Laparoscopic hysterectomy can be a safe and effective option for treating cervical cancer in certain cases, but whether it is appropriate for a specific individual depends on various factors. The suitability of laparoscopic hysterectomy for cervical cancer depends on several factors, including the stage of cancer, the size and location of the tumor, the patient's overall health, and the surgeon's expertise. In some cases, laparoscopic hysterectomy may not be recommended, and other surgical or treatment options may be more appropriate. Traditional open surgery or a combination of treatments such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy may be recommended for more advanced cases. Laparoscopic hysterectomy has the advantage of being a minimally invasive procedure, which typically results in shorter hospital stays, faster recovery times, and smaller incisions compared to open surgery. However, it may not be suitable for every cervical cancer patient. It's essential to have a thorough discussion to understand the risks and benefits of different treatment options and to make an informed decision tailored to your specific condition. Your medical history, cancer stage, and individual circumstances may determine the most appropriate treatment plan for you. Mean quality rating: 4.7/5.0	For the earliest stage of cervical cancer, when the tumor is microscopic, superficial, and has not invaded into blood vessels or lymphatic channels, minimally invasive hysterectomy may be safe. However for more advanced cancers, when a radical hysterectomy has traditionally been considered to be needed, the best evidence suggests that minimally invasive surgery may increase the risk of cancer recurrence and death. For this reason, open surgery is considered standard in these cases. While there are several ongoing studies investigating if there may be a safe way to employ minimally invasive surgery in these more advanced cases of cervical cancer, they are not offered at all institutions. Mean quality rating: 3.0/5.0	Yes, it is safe to have a laparoscopic hysterectomy for cervical cancer. In fact, laparoscopic hysterectomy is now the preferred surgical approach for most women with early-stage cervical cancer. Laparoscopic hysterectomy is a minimally invasive surgery that is performed through several small incisions in the abdomen. The surgeon uses a laparoscope, a thin, tube-like camera, to view the inside of the abdomen and guide the surgery. Compared to traditional open hysterectomy, laparoscopic hysterectomy has a number of advantages, including: less blood loss, shorter hospital stay, faster recovery time, fewer complications. Studies have shown that laparoscopic hysterectomy is just as effective as open hysterectomy in removing cervical cancer and preventing recurrence. However, laparoscopic hysterectomy is not appropriate for all women with cervical cancer. It may not be a good option for women with advanced-stage cancer, large tumors, or other medical conditions. Here are some of the potential risks of laparoscopic hysterectomy: bleeding, infection, damage to nearby organs, conversion to open hysterectomy if complications arise. It is important to note that these risks are rare, and laparoscopic hysterectomy is generally a safe procedure. Mean quality rating: 1.0/5.0

Incorrect statement underlined.