Table 3.

Role of drug delivery systems in reversing cisplatin resistance.

Type of regimen		Payload	Main effects	Reference
Nanoparticle delivery systems	Lipid-based delivery systems	Layer-by-layer polymeric liposomal nanoparticles	Facilitate the selective targeting of CD44 receptors to ovarian cancer	187
		Cross-linked multilamellar liposome vesicles	Reduce systemic toxicity; induce cell apoptosis	188
	Polymeric delivery systems	Polymer-polyamide-amine dendrimers	Enhance the nonspecific and targeted uptake of cisplatin in ovarian cancer cells.	189
		PLGA-PEG nanoparticles	Improve cisplatin uptake and stability; lower hepatotoxicity of wortmannin; block DNA repair and enhances the synergistic cytotoxicity of the drug combination in PROC	190
		MPEG-PLA nanoparticles	Reduce systemic toxicity in vivo; induce cell apoptosis	191
	Inorganic delivery systems	Magnetically Fe3O4 nanoparticles	Visualize the tumor site location; enhance cytotoxicity	193
		Hyaluronic acid-conjugated mesoporous silica (MSN-HAs) nanoparticles	Carry Si-TWIST into target cells and inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition by sustaining TWIST knockdown in vitro	194
	Virus-like nanoparticles	Tobacco mosaic virus	Superior cytotoxicity and double-strand breaks; biphasic release profiles	195
Exosomes		Umbilical cord blood-derived M1 or M2 macrophage exosomes	Preferential accumulation in cancer cells; remarkable effect of cisplatin-resistant M1 macrophage on tumor killing	196
Light-induced carbon monoxide delivery systems		Exogenous carbon monoxide	Increase PARP cleavage; reduce GSH and nuclear MT expression in cells	197
Folate-drug conjugates		Hyaluronic acid- and folic acid-based hydrogel	Inhibit the migration of ovarian cancer cells; modulate the proliferation and the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related proteins	198
		EC145	Load FR maximally in the tumor while avoiding prolonged marrow exposure; lack of hematologic toxicity	199