Figure 2.

ED-71 ameliorates HG-induced oxidative stress and promotes osteogenic differentiation in vitro and in vivo. (A), the mRNA expression of Nrf2, SOD2, and Prdx1 in bone tissues were detected by RT-qPCR in WT, T2DM, and T2DM + ED-71 groups (n = 5). (B and C), the ROS level in MC3T3-E1 cells was detected by DCFH-DA staining (n = 5), bar = 75μm. (D), the mRNA expression of ALP, RUNX2 and OCN in MC3T3-E1 cells after 7 days of culture were detected by RT-qPCR (n = 5). (E and G) the protein expression of RUNX2 and OCN in MC3T3-E1 cells after 14 days of culture were detected by Western blot. (F), ALP staining after 7 days of culture, and AR staining after 21 days of culture of MC3T3-E1 cells in the CON, HG, and HG + ED-71 groups (n = 5), bar = 200μm. (H and I), IHC staining and statistical analysis of ALP and RUNX2 in tibiae of WT, T2DM, and T2DM + ED-71groups (n = 5), bar = 50μm. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.

Abbreviations: GP, Growth Plate; TB, trabecular bone; BM, bone marrow.