Figure 3.

(A) Scheme of the preparation process of Ma@(MnO₂+FTY) NPs. (B) Proteins in macrophage membrane, macrophage membrane vesicles and Ma@(MnO₂+FTY), analyzed with SDS-PAGE. (C) H₂O₂ scavenging behavior of MnO₂ nanospheres with multiple concentration over 8 hours. (D) H₂O₂ scavenging behavior of different formulations. (E) Quantification of the relative fluorescence intensity of CD206 versus CD16/32. (F) The infarct area of tMCAO/R rats treated with different drugs, monitored by MRI at 24 h post reperfusion. (G) The rescue ability of NPs on ischemic penumbra, brain sections were stained with TTC. (H) The quantified results of TTC staining. (I-K) Treatment with Ma@(MnO₂+FTY) NPs reversed the proinflammatory microenvironment. Data are presented as means ± SD, n = 3, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Adapted from Li C, Zhao Z, Luo Y, et al. Macrophage-disguised manganese dioxide nanoparticles for neuroprotection by reducing oxidative stress and modulating inflammatory microenvironment in acute ischemic stroke. Adv Sci. 2021;8(20):e2101526. Creative Commons.³⁴

Abbreviations: FTY, fingolimod; Ma@(MnO₂+FTY), a macrophage-disguised honeycomb MnO₂ nanosphere loaded with FTY.