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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: AIDS Behav. 2024 May 16;28(8):2547–2558. doi: 10.1007/s10461-024-04362-7

Table 2 –

ASSOCIATION OF PARTICIPANT-LEVEL GSN APP USE WITH SEXUAL RISK BEHAVIORS, HIV PREVENTION AWARENESS, AND HIV TESTING HISTORY

Overall (N=741) GSN App Users (N=477) GSN App NON-Users (N=264) Crude Prevalence Ratio Adjusted a Prevalence Ratio

SEXUAL BEHAVIORS (last 3 months) n (% of N) n (% of N) n (% of N) PR (95% CI) aPR (95% CI)

 ≥5 Partners 388 (52%) 307 (64%) 81 (31%) 2.10 (1.73 – 2.55) 2.14 (1.76 – 2.61)
 Group Sex 327 (44%) 255 (53%) 72 (27%) 1.96 (1.58 – 2.43) 1.96 (1.57 – 2.44)
 Substance Use Before/During Sex 354 (48%) 248 (52%) 106 (40%) 1.29 (1.09 – 1.54) 1.28 (1.08 – 1.53)
 Transactional Sex 292 (39%) 203 (43%) 89 (34%) 1.26 (1.03 – 1.54) 1.31 (1.06 – 1.60)
 Casual Partner b 446 (60.2) 331 (69%) 115 (44%) 1.59 (1.37 – 1.85) 1.62 (1.39 – 1.89)
 Condomless Anal Sex (CAS) c 381 (51%) 260 (55%) 121 (46%) 1.19 (1.02 – 1.39) 1.14 (0.97 – 1.33)
  Receptive CAS 268 (36%) 192 (40%) 76 (29%) 1.40 (1.12 – 1.74) 1.28 (1.02 – 1.60)

HIV PREVENTION AWARENESS

 Ever Heard Of PrEP 473 (64%) 341 (72%) 132 (50%) 1.43 (1.25 – 1.63) 1.44 (1.26 – 1.65)
 Believes U=U Is True d 320 (43%) 224 (47%) 96 (36%) 1.29 (1.07 – 1.56) 1.28 (1.07 – 1.55)

HIV TESTING HISTORY

 Ever Had HIV Test 639 (86%) 421 (88%) 218 (83%) 1.07 (1.00 – 1.14) 1.09 (1.02 – 1.17)
 Last HIV Test ≤6 Months Ago e 338 (53%) 237 (57%) 101 (46%) 1.24 (1.05 – 1.46) 1.24 (1.05 – 1.47)

HIV STATUS f Overall GSN App Users GSN App Non-Users

Online Survey (N=397) (N=228) (N=169)
 HIV-Positive (Self-Report) 103 (26%) 59 (26%) 44 (26%) 0.99 (0.71 – 1.39) 1.05 (0.75 – 1.47)
  On ART (Of N=103 Self-Reported HIV+) 97 (94%) 54 (92%) 43 (98%) 0.94 (0.85 – 1.03) 0.96 (0.88 – 1.04)
In-Person Survey (N=344) (N=249) (N=95)
 HIV-Positive (Rapid Test) 43 (13%) 33 (13%) 10 (11%) 1.26 (0.64 – 2.47) 1.25 (0.61–2.57)

GSN, geosocial networking; PR, prevalence ratio; CI, confidence interval; PrEP, pre-exposure prophylaxis; ART, antiretroviral therapy

a.

Adjusted for age (± 30 years) and educational attainment (± completed university or higher)

b.

Refers to whether last/penultimate partner (in the past 3 months) was categorized as “casual”

c.

Refers to whether condomless anal sex was reported with last/penultimate (in the past 3 months)

d.

Responded “True” when presented with the following True/False statement: “It is very unlikely that a person with HIV will transmit the virus to their sexual partner if the person with HIV is taking antiretroviral therapy and the virus is undetectable in their blood”

e.

Among the n=638 who did not report having an existing HIV diagnosis

f.

Stratified by survey setting: for online survey, HIV status (and ART use) was ascertained by self-report; for in-person survey, used result of HIV screening test from Vía Libre clinic