Table 3.
Multivariable, conditional logistic regression analysis (AIC = 141.77) for risk factors of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales bloodstream infection among adult hospitalized patients, by comparing cases with carbapenem-resistant bloodstream infections with matched controls without Enterobacterales infection admitted to 18 European hospitals between March 2016 and November 2018 (n = 288)
| Variables | Incidence rate ratio (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 1.03 (1.01–1.06) | 0.019 |
| Patient referral | ||
| Admission from home | Reference | |
| Transfer from long-term care facility | 7.19 (1.51–34.24) | 0.013 |
| Transfer from another acute care hospital | 5.26 (1.61–17.11) | 0.006 |
| Invasive proceduresa | 5.66 (2.11–15.16) | 0.001 |
| Chronic haemodialysis | 8.59 (1.82–40.53) | 0.007 |
| Evidence of previous colonization/infection with other MDROs (MRSA, VRE, ESBL-producer) | 9.71 (2.33–40.56) | 0.002 |
| β-Lactam + β-lactamase inhibitor exposure | 3.92 (1.68–9.13) | 0.002 |
| Third/fourth-generation cephalosporin exposure | 2.75 (1.06–7.11) | 0.037 |
BSI, bloodstream infection; CRE, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales; MDROs, multidrug-resistant organisms.
aCentral venous catheter, urinary catheter or mechanical ventilation within 3 mo before enrolment.